Periodontopathogens in the saliva and subgingival dental plaque of a group of mothers

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal condition and the presence of putative periodontal pathogens in 30 Brazilian mothers, aging 21-40 years (28.4 4.49 years), and in their children, aging 5-6 years, since mothers can be a source of pathogens and, thus, influence their children's bacteriological and clinical condition. Besides assessing the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and pocket probing depth (PD), the survey analyzed four subgingival dental plaque samples from mothers and children, as well as a sample of stimulated saliva from mothers. Those samples were analyzed by means of the slot immunoblot (SIB) technique, in order to determine the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella nigrescens (Pn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Treponema denticola (Td). The mean values and standard deviations of the evaluated clinical variables for mothers and children were, respectively: 1.86 0.67 and 1.64 0.68 for PI, and 1.24 0.67 and 0.82 0.37, for GI. Only for mothers, the total PD was 1.81 0.69 mm, and the PD of four sites was 4.03 1.40 mm. The Wilcoxon test revealed significant difference (p < 0.05) between mothers and their children only as to GI. The most prevalent bacteria in mothers were, in decreasing order: Aa, Pn, Pg and Td. The children presented patterns of oral hygiene and bacterial profiles similar to those of their mothers, in spite of the fact that most of them did not present enough subgingival plaque for testing. The comparison between mothers' subgingival dental plaque and saliva samples revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for all bacteria, with greater positivity and scores in the saliva, which demonstrates that it is an indicator of oral colonization and can work as a vehicle for the transmission of periodontopathogens from mothers to their children.

Analysis of leukotoxin gene types of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in brazilians with aggressive periodontitis

“…Regarding the methodology employed, the mouthwash samples were very efficient for detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans, as confirmed by other authors (15,33,42,47). Actually, using of saliva instead of plaque samples may have accounted for the high prevalence of this species, including in periodontally healthy patients.…”

Salivary carriage of periodontal pathogens in generalized aggressive periodontitis families

“…Therefore, the data obtained by the analysis of salivary microbiota have illustrated a clear relationship between parents’ contamination and children's contamination. Saliva is the most common transmission vehicle of oral microorganisms. Even in periodontally healthy individuals, saliva can be positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans and may be a transmission source.…”

“…The subjects were instructed to avoid eating or brushing their teeth (or using any other dental hygiene methods) for 2 h prior to collection. Each saliva sample was divided into two Eppendorf tubes, which were immediately frozen at −70°C.…”

Performance on Bone Regeneration of a Silver Nanoparticle Delivery System Based on Natural Rubber Membrane NRL-AgNP

“…Periodontal disease represents an important process of dental contamination, due to the presence of large amounts of microorganisms, Gram-positive, and Gram-negative bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis [19]. The presence of these microorganisms can affect the success of GBR, as the toxins released by the bacteria can cause more intense inflammatory reactions and hinder cell proliferation.…”