“…The carbonation process occurs due to the presence of chloride ions at critical rates of atmospheric pollution, which is intensified by the age of the construction (Maldonado-Bandala et al, 2018;Araujo et al, 2020;Silvestro et al, 2020). The use of inadequate cover thicknesses due to design or execution errors can compromise the protection of the steel bars (Fusco, 2008;Malheiro et al, 2014;Felix e Carrazedo, 2021). Furthermore, the choice of cement, additives, and additions can mitigate or intensify the corrosive potential (Silva et al, 2015;Trevisol et al, 2017;Dietrich et al, 2017;Teixeira et al, 2021).…”