Identification of Primordial Germ Cells: Cytological, Histological and Immunohistochemical Aspects

Yön, Nazan Deniz; Akbulut, Cansu

doi:10.1590/s1516-8913201500335

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This cell cycle arrest is important to protect the genome of PGCs from premature or improper differentiation (Strome and Updike, 2015). During the time of cell cycle arrest, PGCs often exhibit diffuse DNA staining, a reflection of a pluripotent cell state (Belew et al, 2021; D’Orazio et al, 2021; Lebedeva et al, 2018; Risley, 1933; Schaner et al, 2003; Yön and Akbulut, 2015). PGC fate is established and/or protected by a conserved set of genes; among these, the most widely used are the translational repressor Nanos, the nuclear argonaute protein Piwi, and the RNA helicase Vasa (Ewen-Campen et al, 2010; Juliano et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the TardigradeHypsibius exemplaris

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Smith

et al. 2023

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Primordial germ cells (PGCs) give rise to gametes – cells necessary for the propagation and fertility of diverse organisms. Current understanding of PGC development is limited to the small number of organisms whose PGCs have been identified and studied. Expanding the field to include little-studied taxa and emerging model organisms is important to understand the full breadth of the evolution of PGC development. In the phylum Tardigrada, no early cell lineages have been identified to date using molecular markers. This includes the PGC lineage. Here, we describe PGC development in the model tardigradeHypsibius exemplaris. The four earliest- internalizing cells (EICs) exhibit PGC-like behavior and nuclear morphology. The location of the EICs is enriched for mRNAs of conserved PGC markerswiwi1(water bearpiwi1) andvasa. At early stages, bothwiwi1andvasamRNAs are detectable uniformly in embryos, which suggests that these mRNAs do not serve as localized determinants for PGC specification. Only later arewiwi1andvasaenriched in the EICs. Finally, we traced the cells that give rise to the four PGCs. Our results reveal the embryonic origin of the PGCs ofH. exemplarisand provide the first molecular characterization of an early cell lineage in the tardigrade phylum. We anticipate that these observations will serve as a basis for characterizing the mechanisms of PGC development in this animal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the TardigradeHypsibius exemplaris

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Smith

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…In the early development of organisms, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are in a different location from the gonad and using amoeboid movements they migrate to the gonadal precursors where they further differentiate into sperm or eggs. Therefore, the PGCs have to reach the somatic part of the gonad for it to perform its crucial role in the propagation of the species, serving as a general model for long-range cell migration (Raz and Reichman-Fried, 2006;Yön and Akbulut, 2015). Generally, in the males of organisms, PGCs differentiate into sperm cells during the processes of spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis (Richardson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surprisingly, a vasa homolog is also expressed in the somatic cells of planarian that somatic cells were identified as neoblasts a totipotent cell type that functions in regeneration (Raz, 2000). Therefore the vasa function is essential for preserving totipotency which inhibits the expression of genes that would lead to somatic differentiation (Seydoux et al, 1996;Raz, 2000;Yön and Akbulut, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primordial germ cell migration in banana shrimp: Fenneropenaeus merguiensis

2022

ANRES

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Importance of the work: For broodstock preparation and germ cell transplantation in Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, essential information on primordial germ cell (PGC) migration is lacking. Objectives: To locate and track PGCs in F. merguiensis by detecting vasa-expressed cells during gonad development.Materials & Methods: Immunohistochemistry of the vasa-like protein was performed to validate the vasa of the spermatogonia in the shrimp testis. Using whole-mount staining of the vasa-like protein, migrating PGCs were detected in the fertilized egg and the nauplius 4, zoea 3, mysis 3 and postlarva 1 stages. Results: The vasa-like protein in the spermatogonia of the adult testis was specifically detected based on immunohistochemistry. Using whole-mount immunohistochemistry, the stained vasa-like protein was identified around the egg margin of fertilized eggs. In the nauplius 4 stage, vasa-like protein in PGCs was found in the ventral aspect of the cephalothorax region. In the zoea 3 and mysis 3 stages, vasa-like protein was detected in PGCs at the ventral aspect of the cephalothorax and migrated to the pereopod parts. Finally, in the postlarva 1 stage, the appearance of the vasa-like protein in PGCs was noted in the cephalothorax, pereopod and telson. Main finding: Vasa-like protein was identified and indicated the migration of PGCs during gonad formation in F. merguiensis larvae. The obtained information should facilitate PGC tracking and provide valuable information for germ cell manipulation concerning gonad development in shrimp.

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“…These cells contain alkaline phosphatase activity, which is an indicator enzyme of peripheral cytoplasm [20]. Therefore, they react differently from somatic cells, especially with alkaline phosphatase stain (which is a histological stain specific to primordial germ cells), and because they contain glycogen molecules in their cytoplasm, they exhibit specific staining with histological dyes such as Best's carmine and PAS [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid exposure on primordial germ cell migration and gonad formation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Akbulut

Yön

2019

ARCH BIOL SCI BELGRA

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The use of detergents has become widespread and is growing. The increase in population and use of detergent threatens the life of organisms in the ecosystem. In this study, the histological effects of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid on primordial germ cell (PGC) migration and gonad formation in zebrafish were investigated after application of 0.25 0.5 and 1 mg/L of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid to embryos. Samples of embryos and larvae were collected for 60 days and the effects of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid on PGC migration and gonad development were examined by histological procedures. The localization and migration pathway of PGCs and structures of the gonads were inspected by Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), alkaline phosphatase, toluidine blue and Best?s carmine staining. Primordial germ cells were observed in ectopic regions and delayed gonadal development and histopathological changes in gonad structures were observed. We concluded that linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid exposure has a negative effect on the reproduction system of zebrafish.

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Identification of Primordial Germ Cells: Cytological, Histological and Immunohistochemical Aspects

Abstract: Primordial germ cells (PGCs

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the TardigradeHypsibius exemplaris

The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the TardigradeHypsibius exemplaris

Primordial germ cell migration in banana shrimp: Fenneropenaeus merguiensis

Histological effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid exposure on primordial germ cell migration and gonad formation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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