Metabolic and behavioral effects of ractopamine at continuous low levels in rats under stress

Lopes, E.; Sousa, Raimundo Vicente de; Zangerônimo, Márcio Gilberto; Pereira, Andressa Naira de Jesus; Coelho, Mariana de Resende; Ferreira, Matheus Soares da Silva; Lima, Renato Ribeiro de; Marcondes, Fernanda Klein; Napimoga, Marcelo Henrique

doi:10.1590/s1516-8913201500056

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Thus, even if in the present study a forced exercise model was used, factors such as intensity (moderate) and training time (8 weeks) are considered sufficient for adaptation, causing even reduction of glucocorticoid levels (Liu et al., ; Radahmadi, Alaei, Sharifi, & Hosseini, ) Furthermore, in a previous study of our group using the same training model, it was observed that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (used as an indirect stress parameter) did not differ between trained and sedentary animals (Andrade et al., ). Moreover, in another study of our group, rats chronically subjected to restrain stress showed similar corticosterone (analogous hormone cortisol) levels of control groups, while only acute restrain stress elevated corticosterone levels (Lopes et al., ). This fact indicates that after 8 weeks of swimming training the organism might have adapted to exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis

Andrade

Orlando

Gomes

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis

Andrade

Orlando

Gomes

et al. 2017

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…In pigs, RAC treated animals were found to be more active and alert just after the onset of RAC feeding [ 63 ], but after the third week there was no difference in pig behavior. RAC was also found to be interacting with stress in rats [ 65 ]. Different studies of zebrafish exposure to RAC have stated increased locomotor activity and exploratory behavior, showing hyperactivity in zebrafish larvae [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The over-abundance of F-actin-capping protein, which involves in skeletal muscle organization steers the oxygen transportation acceleration [ 72 ]. It also has been reported increasing anxiety, aggressive behavior, blood pressure, and palpitation in rats and pigs fed RAC [ 63 , 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Effects of Ractopamine on Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Locomotory Physiology in Animal Model Zebrafish Larvae

Abbas

Saputra

Suryanto

et al. 2021

Cells

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Ractopamine (RAC) is a beta-adrenoceptor agonist that is used to promote lean and increased food conversion efficiency in livestock. This compound has been considered to be causing behavioral and physiological alterations in livestock like pig. Few studies have addressed the potential non-target effect of RAC in aquatic animals. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential physiological response after acute RAC exposure in zebrafish by evaluating multiple endpoints like locomotor activity, oxygen consumption, and cardiovascular performance. Zebrafish larvae were subjected to waterborne RAC exposure at 0.1, 1, 2, 4, or 8 ppm for 24 h, and the corresponding cardiovascular, respiratory, and locomotion activities were monitored and quantified. In addition, we also performed in silico molecular docking for RAC with 10 zebrafish endogenous β-adrenergic receptors to elucidate the potential acting mechanism of RAC. Results show RAC administration can significantly boost locomotor activity, cardiac performance, oxygen consumption, and blood flow rate, but without affecting the cardiac rhythm regularity in zebrafish embryos. Based on structure-based flexible molecular docking, RAC display similar binding affinity to all ten subtypes of endogenous β-adrenergic receptors, from adra1aa to adra2db, which are equivalent to the human one. This result suggests RAC might act as high potency and broad spectrum β-adrenergic receptors agonist on boosting the locomotor activity, cardiac performance, and oxygen consumption in zebrafish. To validate our results, we co-incubated a well-known β-blocker of propranolol (PROP) with RAC. PROP exposure tends to minimize the locomotor hyperactivity, high oxygen consumption, and cardiac rate in zebrafish larvae. In silico structure-based molecular simulation and binding affinity tests show PROP has an overall lower binding affinity than RAC. Taken together, our studies provide solid in vivo evidence to support that RAC plays crucial roles on modulating cardiovascular, respiratory, and locomotory physiology in zebrafish for the first time. In addition, the versatile functions of RAC as β-agonist possibly mediated via receptor competition with PROP as β-antagonist.

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Exposure to ractopamine hydrochloride induces changes in heart rate and behavior in zebrafish embryos and larvae

Garbinato¹,

Schneider²,

Sachett

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Metabolic and behavioral effects of ractopamine at continuous low levels in rats under stress

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis

Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis

Evaluation of Effects of Ractopamine on Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Locomotory Physiology in Animal Model Zebrafish Larvae

Exposure to ractopamine hydrochloride induces changes in heart rate and behavior in zebrafish embryos and larvae

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