The Risk Evaluation of Tungsten Oxide Nanoparticles in Cultured Rat Liver Cells for Its Safe Applications in Nanotechnology

Abstract

Tungsten (VI) oxide (WO 3 ) nanoparticles (NPs

Nontoxic Formulations of Scintillation Nanocrystals for Use as X-ray Computed Tomography Contrast Agents

“…In terms of their X-ray mass attenuation capabilities, CaWO 4 versus WO 3 nanoparticles are quite comparable to each other, because the X-ray attenuation coefficient depends primarily on the atomic number and physical density of the material (rather than the crystal structure of the material) . Unlike other metal oxides, WO 3 nanoparticles have been shown to be nontoxic. , We have also confirmed that both uncoated and PEGylated (i.e., PEG–PLA-coated) CaWO 4 nanoparticles are nontoxic to cultured human cells (e.g., HN31 cells) (unpublished results). In the present paper, we report that the MTD of PEGylated CaWO 4 nanoparticles in mice is significantly higher than that of a commercial MRI contrast agent.…”

In vitro analysis of the cytotoxic effect of two different sizes ITER-like tungsten nanoparticles on human dermal fibroblasts

“…Overall, the cell viability seems to be more affected in the first 24 h of nanoparticles exposure, as compared with 48 h. These findings may indicate cytotoxicity with a certain threshold-like concentration-dependent pattern (100 μg/mL W-NPs), for both sizes of nanoparticles. Our result is in agreement with other investigations on W based NPs that identified a threshold NPs concentration of 100 μg/mL bellow which nanoparticles were found nontoxic [ 20 , 21 , 25 ].…”

“…Although research into the cytotoxic effect of W dust is already ongoing, the mechanisms and harmful effects are not yet fully and thoroughly known and these studies are in a limited number. W has been studied under different forms such as tungsten carbide (WC) alloys doped with cobalt (WC–Co) [ [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ], sodium tungstate (Na 2 WO 4 ) [ 18 , 19 ], W oxide nanoparticles (WO 3 NPs) [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ] and metallic W [ 11 ].…”

Unleashing the potential of tungsten disulfide: Current trends in biosensing and nanomedicine applications

“…Nevertheless, it is worth noting that in vitro experiments cannot fully predict real-sample biological outcomes. To assess the posed toxicity by nanomaterials, researchers have studied both chronic and acute toxicity [ [107] , [108] , [109] ]. Correspondingly, Hao et al [ 110 ] have conducted a 30-day in vivo toxicology test of three PEGylated TMDCs, including WS 2 , MoS 2 , and TiS 2 .…”