Zoophytophagy in predatory Hemiptera

Torres, Jorge B.; Boyd, David W.

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132009000500018

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The predominantly zoophagous Nabis bugs (Torres & Boyd, 2009) frequently colonize Mediterranean tomato fields (Cabello et al, 2009) and increased abundance of this group in flower strips can be associated with augmented availability of alternate prey in sown flower strips. This may be particularly important to promote early colonization of the field by these generalist predators, that is when within-field abundance of target pests is relatively low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field margin vegetation enhances biological control and crop damage suppression from multiple pests in organic tomato fields

Balzan

Moonen

2013

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Ephemeral cropping systems are characterized by frequent disturbances of ecological processes, which may compromise the conservation of plant and arthropod diversity and the ecosystem services they may provide. Conservation biological control practices include habitat manipulations that provide non-pest resources and selectively enhance natural enemies' effectiveness. This study, conducted in eight commercial fields of organically grown tomato, compared the effectiveness of sown flower strips with semi-natural margins in regulating natural enemy abundance, biocontrol, and crop damage. During repeated visits, the abundance of different arthropod groups was recorded. Crop surveys included measurement of aphid abundance, parasitism, and leaf and fruit damage from sap-sucking and lepidopteran pests. Semi-natural habitats were associated with higher vegetation diversity, but natural enemies were more strongly associated with sown strips during flowering. Sap-sucking pests were always recorded in higher abundance in flower strips, but crop damage in the plots adjacent to these strips was lower, suggesting that these strips may act as a trap-crop. The inclusion of floral supplements enhanced the parasitism rate of aphids in the crop, and reduced the rate of increase of lepidopteran-caused foliar damage with time. Early in the growing season, semi-natural strips showed significantly lower levels of crop damage and aphid counts, suggesting that these habitats may be important during early crop colonization by natural enemies. These results indicate that the inclusion of flower strips enhances the conservation of arthropod functional diversity in ephemeral crops, and that diverse mechanisms are important for controlling different pests. However, the efficacy of habitat manipulation is likely to be greater when it is complemented with the conservation of diverse semi-natural vegetation in the pre-existing field margin

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field margin vegetation enhances biological control and crop damage suppression from multiple pests in organic tomato fields

Balzan

Moonen

2013

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Hence, they seem not to harm the host plants, and seem that they are also not able to use the content of the cell cytoplasm as a dietary supply. The salivary enzymatic pool of predatory hemipterans, and in particular P. nigrispinus, B. tabidus, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), and Geocoris punctipes Say (Hemiptera, Geocoridae), lacks the enzyme pectinase (Stamopoulos et al 1993;Zeng and Cohen 2000;Oliveira et al 2006;Azevedo et al 2007;Torres and Boyd 2009), which has been reported clearly adaptive for phytophagy (Hori 2000;Torres and Boyd 2009). This fact indicates that mentioned species of Pentatomidae are weak in dilacerating plant tissues (Terra and Ferreira 1994;Hori 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoophytophagous pentatomids feeding on plants and implications for biological control

Torres

Barros

Coelho

et al. 2010

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Zoophytophagous insects can feed on a variety of prey, plants and plant products. By studying the interactions between predatory hemipterans and plants harbouring the prey of these insects, scientists have started to establish two potential outcomes: (1) positive effects like the enhancement of their life history characteristics by acquiring plant contents; and (2) negative effects mediated by plant resistance to herbivores or prey ingesting secondary plant metabolites. Despite this research, there is a lack of information about the feeding sites of predatory hemipterans on their host plants, what they ingest from plants, and whether they cause damage to their host plants.The results presented here indicate that the xylem is one of the feeding sites of predatory hemipterans on plants. The dissection of predators that fed on plants with marked vessels and testing insects for the presence of Cry protein constitutively expressed in the cytoplasm of plant cells revealed that bugs are not able to acquire cytoplasm contents from the plant cell. In addition, we demonstrate that systemic insecticide circulating inside plants from soil applications contaminates these predators. Our results are discussed in the context of zoophytophagous feeding behaviour exhibited by predatory hemipterans and the use of systemic insecticides for the conservation of natural enemies. This interaction contradicts the concept of ecological selectivity obtained for natural enemies through the placement of systemic insecticide in the soil as a selective method of deploying chemical control and predatory hemipteran conservation within the integrated pest management framework.

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“…). Predaceous hemipterans feeding on different trophic levels have raised questions about their ecology and roles in biological control (Torres and Boyd ). Specific adaptations might allow them to simultaneously use plants and animals as sources of food for nutritional requirements (Torres and Boyd ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides and the predatory stink bug Podisus nigrispinus to control Plutella xylostella

Magalhães

Vacari

Laurentis

et al. 2014

J Applied Entomology

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The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), is a major pest of brassica crops worldwide. Control of this pest is difficult because it rapidly develops resistance to synthetic and biological insecticides and because of the effects of insecticides on its natural enemies. Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) is a predator that feeds on its prey, as well as on the host plants of its prey, and is an important biological control agent of DBMs. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of P. xylostella larvae to two bioinsecticides: the HD1 strain of Bacillus thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki) and the commercial product Agree â (B. thuringiensis var. aizawai CG 91). In addition, the impact of these bioinsecticides on the P. nigrispinus consumption of DBM larvae and phytophagy was evaluated. Both the HD1 strain and Agree â caused 100% mortality in P. xylostella larvae.P. nigrispinus nymphs fed only with kale leaves (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) sprayed with water, the HD1 strain, or Agree â did not complete their nymphal development. When prey was also available, P. nigiripinus fed on kale leaves to obtain water. Both nymphs and adults of P. nigrispinus consumed greater numbers of DBM larvae, and fed less on kale leaves, when sprayed with the HD1 strain or Agree â . These results suggest a positive interaction of B. thuringiensis-based products and the predator P. nigrispinus in the control of P. xylostella larvae.

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Zoophytophagy in predatory Hemiptera

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Field margin vegetation enhances biological control and crop damage suppression from multiple pests in organic tomato fields

Field margin vegetation enhances biological control and crop damage suppression from multiple pests in organic tomato fields

Zoophytophagous pentatomids feeding on plants and implications for biological control

Interactions of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides and the predatory stink bug Podisus nigrispinus to control Plutella xylostella

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