Incidences of poisonings due to Chlorophyllum molybdites in the state of Paraná, Brazil

Abstract

Three recent cases of poisoning by Chlorophyllum molybdites, including the first one known from Brazil, have been reported from the state of Paraná. A morphological description of the material causing the first poisoning was provided and the associated case history has been described in detail. An overview of this species' distribution inBrazil is given.

First record of Chlorophyllum molybdites (G. Mey.) Massee (Basidiomycota, Agaricaceae) from Piauí state, Brazil

“…The collection studied is very similar to those described by Pegler (1983), Meijer et al (2007), Alves et al (2016) and Bijeesh et al (2017). Both Alves et al (2016) and Pegler (1983) present basidiospores with a lower Q value (Q = 1.3).…”

“…Whilst Bijeesh et al (2017) report a slightly higher Q value (Q = 1.5). However, the Q value presented here follows the results of Meijer et al (2007), which refers Q = 1.3−1.6. The cheilocystidia are quite similar in size and shape to those described by Alves et al (2016) and Bijeesh et al (2017).…”

“…The documented material has been deposited at the Herbarium Delta (HDelta), Department of Biology, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso. (Blayney et al 1980), Tahiti (Zoberi 1972), Canada (Reid and Eicker 1991), United States (Lehmann andKhazan 1992, Espinoza andSmith 2016), Puerto Rico (Marian et al 2011), Colombia (Molano et al 2010), Mexico (Pérez-Silva and Herrera 1986, Panama (Piepenbring 2008), Caribbean Region (Zoberi 1972), Venezuela (Dennis 1970), Argentina (Romano et al 2013) and Brazil: Rio de Janeiro (Pegler 1983), São Paulo (Espalaor 2014), Rio Grande do Sul (Sobestiansky 2005, Alves et al 2016, Paraná (Meijer et al 2007), Paraíba (Furtado 2012) and Pernambuco (Reid and Eicker 1991). Identification. Basidiomes medium-sized to large.…”

“…Its consumption causes severe gastrointestinal distress, including stomach irritation, vomiting and diarrhea (Berger and Guss 2005). In Brazil, this species is reported from six states: Rio de Janeiro (Pegler 1983), São Paulo (Espalaor 2014), Rio Grande do Sul (Sobestiansky 2005, Alves et al 2016), Paraná (Meijer et al 2007), Paraíba (Furtado 2012) and Pernambuco (Reid and Eicker 1991).…”

Breve história da sistemática de Agaricaceae (Fungi) e distribuição no Brasil

“…Algumas espécies tóxicas também são conhecidas, como Macrolepiota venenata Bon, várias espécies de Leucoagaricus e uma das espécies amarelas de Leucocoprinus (Singer 1986). Agaricus xanthodermus Genev., possui substâncias fenólicas tóxicas (Singer 1986), e provoca distúrbios gastrintestinais; Chlorophyllum molybdites (Figura 1) provoca náuseas, vômitos e diarréias (Meijer et al 2007); as espécies do grupo Lepiota helveola provocam a mesma síndrome de Amanita phalloides (Singer 1986); na América do Sul, Lepiota locanensis Espinosa tem sido citada como tóxica (Singer 1986); e para o Japão, é relatado um caso de intoxicação nãoletal por L. neomastoidea Hongo, causando alugus distúrbios gastrointestinais como vômito e diarréia (Yokohama & Yamaji 1981).…”