Effects of cereal type, enzyme and sodium butyrate addition on growth performance, carcass traits and intestinal morphology of broilers

Abstract

A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement was conducted to evaluate the effects of cereal type (corn vs. wheat), enzyme supplementation (0 or 0.4 g/kg diet), and sodium butyrate addition (0 or 2 g/kg diet) on growth performance, carcass traits and intestinal morphology of male broilers from 10 to 42 d. A total of 600 male Arbor Acres chickens were assigned to eight dietary treatments in a completely randomized design, providing five replicate pens per treatment. Diets were formulated to meet or exceed NRC nutrient recommendations. When compared with birds fed corn-based diets, chickens fed wheat-based diets had inferior weight gain (1978 vs. 1807 g, p < 0.01) and feed per gain ratio (1.81 vs. 1.93; p < 0.01). Both weight gain (1870 vs. 1915 g; p < 0.01) and feed intake (3511 vs. 3556 g; p < 0.01) were increased by enzyme addition to experimental diets. Feed intake significantly (p < 0.01) increased by sodium butyrate addition to experimental diets; however, no significant differences were observed in weight gain or feed per gain ratio when sodium butyrate added to experimental diets. The birds fed wheatbased diet had higher relative weights of the proventriculus (p < 0.01), gizzard (p < 0.05), liver (p < 0.05), duodenum (p < 0.05), and ceca (p < 0.01) when compared with those fed corn-based diet. Enzyme and sodium butyrate addition had no significant effects (p > 0.05) on the relative weights of the proventriculus, gizzard, pancreas, liver and heart. Cereal type had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on intestinal morphology, including villus height and crypt depth. Jejunal villus height (p < 0.05) and crypt depth (p < 0.01) were improved by sodium butyrate addition. In conclusion, the results of this experiment showed that enzyme and sodium butyrate addition, especially to the wheat based diet, improve growth performance.

Effect of Organic Acid Salts as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters on the Production Performance of Commercial Broiler Chicken

“…The mean feed efficiency ranged from better 1.751 (C) to poor 1.817 (T6; SB 1000) among treatments. This result is in agreement with the findings of Shahir et al, (2013); Better feed efficiency was noted in T5 (SB 500) when compared among the groups supplemented with AGPs and OAs. Unsupplemented control groups had a better feed efficiency (1.751) than all other treatment groups, might be due to lower feed intake that may lead to better utilization nutrients at cellular level.…”

Growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of yellow‐feathered broilers fed graded levels of alfalfa meal with or without wheat

“…Shahir et al . () reported the birds fed a wheat‐based diet had higher relative weights of the Proventriculus, gizzard, liver, duodenum and ceca when compared with those fed a corn‐based diet.…”

Butyric Acid as an Antibiotic Substitute for Broiler Chicken A Review

“…Further, an increase in the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio are directly correlated with increased epithelial cell turnover (Fan et al, 1997) and an indicator of activated intestinal villi function (Langhout et al, 1999;Shamoto and Yamauchi, 2000) and it also stimulates intestinal blood flow. In addition, butyrate of stimulates cell growth and differentiation of normal cells and apoptosis (early cell death) of tumour cells which represents'butyrate paradox' (Canani et al, 2011).Previous studies showed increased jejunum villi height (Adil et al, 2010;Jerzsele et al, 2012;Chamba et al, 2014), villi height to crypt depth ratio (Hu and Guo, 2007;Shahir et al, 2013) and comparable crypt depth (Hu and Guo, 2007;Adil et al, 2010;Smulikowska et al, 2009;Chamba et al, 2014;Sayrafi et al, 2011;Antongiovanni et al, 2007) by supplementation of different forms of butyric acid. Lakshmi and Sunder (2015) 0.25 Liver weight + Aghazadeh and Yazdi (2012) It is clear from the Table 4 that inclusion of BA in broiler diet improves the weight of carcass indicating anabolic effect in broiler chicken.…”