Review of literature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with comorbid eating disorders

Nazar, Bruno Palazzo; Pinna, Camilla Moreira de Sousa; Coutinho, Gabriel; Segenreich, Daniel; Duchesne, Mônica; Appolinário, José Carlos; Mattos, Paulo

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462008000400014

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…CAARS subscale T scores were significantly and positively associated with degree of depression and eating-related psychopathology. This is in line with all other studies on this topic and is thought to reflect the high degree of comorbid problems in adults with ADHD [23,45]. However, an alternative explanation might be that comorbid conditions may produce symptoms which may erroneously be diagnosed as ADHD, since symptoms associated with ADHD are also present in a number of other mental disorders [15,46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prevalence and Correlates Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nielsen

Georgiadou²,

Bartsch³

et al. 2017

Obes Facts

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Objective: Previous research shows an association between obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study compares pre- and post-bariatric surgery patients using the internationally used Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS™) to screen for ADHD. Methods: Matched samples pre- (N = 120) and post-bariatric surgery (N = 128) were compared using self-rating instruments to assess ADHD-relevant symptomatology, depression, eating-related psychopathology, and BMI. Results: Prevalence of probable ADHD did not differ between groups using the CAARS Index Scale T-scores; however, CAARS subscales Inattention/Memory and Self-Concept showed significantly lower scores in post-surgery patients. All CAARS subscales correlated significantly with each other, with depression and eating-related psychopathology. There was no correlation between ADHD and excess BMI loss in post-surgery patients. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a considerable number of patients before and after bariatric surgery screened positive for ADHD. It can be hypothesized that some core ADHD symptoms improve after surgery. Future studies are warranted to investigate the influence of ADHD on long-term surgery outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prevalence and Correlates Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nielsen

Georgiadou²,

Bartsch³

et al. 2017

Obes Facts

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“…These findings are in keeping with a growing literature that has documented an association between ADHD and ED among adults, [25][26][27][28][29] and may not be surprising given that youth with ADHD are at increased risk for a host of behavioral health and substance abuse disorders. Two prior literature reviews on ADHD and ED by Cortese [30] and Nazar [31] published in 2007 and 2008 respectively, provided overviews of studies in both children and adults. Nazar et al [31] concluded that although the literature appeared to support a relationship between ADHD and ED, the small number of available studies, many of which had small sample sizes and employed varied methodologies, limited the generalization of findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two prior literature reviews on ADHD and ED by Cortese [30] and Nazar [31] published in 2007 and 2008 respectively, provided overviews of studies in both children and adults. Nazar et al [31] concluded that although the literature appeared to support a relationship between ADHD and ED, the small number of available studies, many of which had small sample sizes and employed varied methodologies, limited the generalization of findings. Cortese and colleagues' review only included cross-sectional studies which limited the ability to draw conclusions about the direction of the relationship between ADHD and ED.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between ADHD and eating disorders/pathology in adolescents: A systematic review

Curtin¹,

Pagoto²,

Mick³

2013

OJEpi

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Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions of childhood, is associated with high rates of mood and behavioral disorders. Preliminary evidence suggests that ADHD may also be associated with eating disorders (ED) or eating pathology (EP). This systematic review synthesizes the extant published literature on this association among youth ages 12 -21 years. Methods: Literature searches were performed using Medline, Ovid/Psych Info, Google Scholar, and via manual inspection of bibliographies. Crosssectional, case-control, and prospective studies published in English with sample sizes larger than 50, participant ages 12 -21 years, and assessed ADHD and ED or EP, were considered for review. Case reports, feeding, and drug studies were excluded. Results: Preliminary searches yielded 337 articles; eight articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Two studies documented an association between ADHD and ED, and three studies found an association between ADHD and EP. Youth with ADHD were nearly 3 to 6 times more likely to develop an ED than youth without ADHD, and were also more likely to have higher rates of EP, body dissatisfaction, and desire to lose weight/ drive for thinness. Impulsivity was predictive of EP, and ADHD youth with co-occurring mood/behavioral disorders and punitive parental relationships were at higher risk. Conclusions: Five of eight studies documented an association between ADHD and ED or EP in adolescents. Future research is needed to confirm and refine further these findings. The findings have clinical implications, including the inclusion of ED/EP in screening and anticipatory guidance efforts. Evaluating whether medical management of ADHD may be efficacious in preventing and/or treating ED/EP is also warranted.

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“…To date, there is no data available about the benefits of these treatments for patients with ADHD and PG. Methylphenidate, prescribed for patients with ADHD and bulimia nervosa (another form of behavioural addiction) has, in some cases, brought improvement in eating disorder symptoms as well as ADHD symptoms (for a review, see Nazar et al [58] ). Psychostimulants could, indeed, reduce the overall level of impulsivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Pathological and At-Risk Gamblers Seeking Treatment: A Hidden Disorder

Grall‐Bronnec¹,

Wainstein²,

Augy³

et al. 2011

Eur Addict Res

119

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Background: The links between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders have been the subject of numerous papers. Few studies, however, have focused specifically on the relationship between ADHD and behavioural addictions. The aim of this study was to (i) examine the frequency of pathological and at-risk gamblers having a previous history of ADHD; (ii) give details of the characteristics of this association, and (iii) identify risk factors for a history of ADHD. Methods: 84 pathological and at-risk gamblers were assessed about socio-demographic, gambling and clinical characteristics. Results: Over 25% of the subjects had a history of ADHD. They were characterized as having more severe gambling problems and a higher level of gambling-related cognitions, a higher frequency of psychiatric comorbidities and an elevated risk of suicide. Finally, they differed in their level and type of impulsivity. Among pathological and at-risk gamblers, a high level of impulsivity, or a history of anxiety disorders, constitute risk factors for a comorbidity with ADHD. Conclusion: The association ‘ADHD-problem gambling’ therefore appears to be not only frequent, but also linked to factors that are known to worsen the prognosis. Researching this relationship is therefore important to adapt strategies for effective future therapy.

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Review of literature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with comorbid eating disorders

Abstract: Although there seems to be a relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders, the reduced number of studies available, with various methodologies, and small sample sizes limit the generalization of the findings.

Cited by 44 publications

References 42 publications

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prevalence and Correlates Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prevalence and Correlates Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

The association between ADHD and eating disorders/pathology in adolescents: A systematic review

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Pathological and At-Risk Gamblers Seeking Treatment: A Hidden Disorder

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