Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes

Kapczinski, Flávio; Frey, Benício N.; Andreazza, Ana Cristina; Kauer-Sant’Anna, Márcia; Cunha, Ângelo Batista Miralha da; Post, Robert M.

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462008000300011

Cited by 132 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Past comparisons have suggested that different profiles of oxidative stress, 8 neurotrophins 7 and different patterns of correlation between oxidative stress markers and neurotrophins are at play in SZ 36 and BD. 37 While different lines of evidence suggest that, in BD, we can see an episode-related deterioration pattern, it appears that, in SZ, this deterioration pattern seems to be of a chronic nature, starting at the onset of the illness. This observation brings us back to the classic differentiation between the two diagnoses based on either an episodic or a chronic-deteriorating course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

Kunz¹,

Ceresér²,

Goi³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: Previous reports suggest that cytokines act as potential mediators of the interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems, and that a proinflammatory state may be associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The aim is to compare cytokine levels in both disorders. Method: Twenty euthymic bipolar disorder patients, 53 chronic stabilized schizophrenia patients and 80 healthy controls were recruited. Subjects were all non-smokers and non-obese. Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were examined by sandwich ELISA. Results: IL-6 levels were increased in schizophrenia patients when compared to controls (p < 0.0001) and euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p < 0.0001). IL-6 levels were no different in controls compared to euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.357). IL-10 was lower in controls compared to schizophrenia patients (p = 0.001) or to bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in TNF-α serum levels among the groups (p = 0.284). Gender-based classification did not significantly alter these findings, and no correlation was found between the antipsychotic dose administered and cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia. Discussion: These findings evidence a chronic immune activation in schizophrenia. Bipolar disorder seems to present an episode-related inflammatory syndrome. Increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia suggests different patterns of inflammatory balance between these two disorders. Results further support the need to investigate cytokines as possible biomarkers of disease activity or treatment response.Descriptors: Bipolar disorder; Schizophrenia; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-10; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p = 0,284 Resumo Objetivo: Pesquisas sugerem as citocinas como potenciais mediadores da interação entre os sistemas imune e neuroendócrino, e que existe um estado pró-inflamatório associado com transtorno bipolar e esquizofrenia. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar os níveis de citocinas entre os dois distúrbios. Método: Vinte pacientes com transtorno bipolar eutímicos, 53 pacientes com esquizofrenia crônica estabilizados e 80 controles saudáveis foram recrutados. Todos os indivíduos eram não-fumantes e não-obesos. As citocinas TNF-α, IL-6 e IL-10 foram examinadas por ELISA sanduíche. Resultados: A IL-6 estava aumentada nos pacientes com esquizofrenia quando comparados aos controles (p < 0,0001) e aos pacientes bipolares eutímicos (p < 0,0001). Os níveis de IL-6 não foram diferentes nos controles em comparação com pacientes com transtorno bipolar eutímicos (p = 0,357). Os níveis de IL-10 foram menores nos controles quando comparados aos pacientes com esquizofrenia (p = 0,001) ou aos bipolares (p = 0,004). Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis séricos de TNF-α entre os grupos

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

Kunz¹,

Ceresér²,

Goi³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…Additional studies showed that the increases of inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids caused by stress lead to a reduction of central astrocytes, causing a decreased capacity of the glutamate transporters in astrocytes to transport intracellular glutamate and thus increasing extrasynaptic glutamate [50,51] . Notably, the excitatory neurotoxicity caused by glutamate (mainly oxidative stress) can also lead to reduced BDNF expression, which is the core mechanism of the occurrence of depression [52,53] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: The Infl Ammatory Cytokine Hypothesis Of Depression and Relamentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings

2015

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and devastating psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent low mood, cognitive disorder, and impaired social function. Despite its complex mechanisms, increasing evidence has identified the involvement of neurotrophic factors, inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamuspituitary-adrenal axis, and glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of this illness. The present review synthesizes recent research achievements to defi ne the network between different hypotheses of MDD and to understand which part is most pivotal for its pathogenesis. By integrating MDD-related signal pathways, we highlight brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dysfunction and increased apoptosis as the fi nal common cascades, and new therapeutic strategies aiming to enhance BDNF function have been shown to exert a rapid and effective antidepressant action.

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“…[29] For example, oxidative stress potentiates TNF-a-induced activation of the cell death cascade. [133] Stress-or depression-related increases in oxidative stress additionally blunt certain protective or reparative processes, because oxidative stress is inversely correlated with telomerase activity as well as telomere length (discussed below), [126,134] and because increased oxidative stress (and lower antioxidant protection) is associated with lower BDNF activity [135,136] (discussed below).…”

Section: Immune Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression gets old fast: do stress and depression accelerate cell aging?

et al. 2010

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Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes

Abstract: Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes Aumento do estresse oxidativo como um mecanismo para a diminuição dos níveis de BDNF em episódios maníacos agudos

Cited by 132 publications

References 15 publications

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings

Depression gets old fast: do stress and depression accelerate cell aging?

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Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes

Abstract: Increased oxidative stress as a mechanism for decreased BDNF levels in acute manic episodes Aumento do estresse oxidativo como um mecanismo para a diminuição dos níveis de BDNF em episódios maníacos agudos

Cited by 132 publications

References 15 publications

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-&#945; in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-&#945; in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

New hypothesis and treatment targets of depression: an integrated view of key findings

Depression gets old fast: do stress and depression accelerate cell aging?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance