Gender differences in suicide attempts: preliminary results of the multisite intervention study on suicidal behavior (SUPRE-MISS) from Campinas, Brazil

Stefanello, Sabrina; Cais, Carlos Fílinto da Silva; Mauro, Marisa Lúcia Fabrício; Freitas, Gisleine Vaz Scavacini de; Botega, Neury José

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462006005000063

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…World-wide, men commit 2–3 times more suicides than women do, but women make more suicide attempts, which is called the “gender paradox” in suicides [3,9,15,23,24]. This paradox was also seen in our study results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…suicidal death, is more common among males, but the attempted suicide is more common among females (3 times more for each gender) [26–28]. The study populations in almost all the studies on attempters consist of a greater number of women than men, and the female to male ratio is 3.1:1.0 [18,24]. In our study the ratio is similar: 3.45:1.0.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Suicide attempts made by males more frequently required intensive care and involved a higher risk of death [24], which reflects the more death-oriented intentions of the male attempters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender differentiation in methods of suicide attempts

2011

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SummaryBackgroundSuicide is an important public health problem worldwide, especially due to an increasing rate of suicides committed by violent methods. This study compared and assessed the methods used in suicide attempts (but no completed suicides) as undertaken by men and women and investigated the possible role of gender in the selection of suicide method.Material/MethodsThe study was conducted among persons who attempted suicide by various methods and were admitted to hospital. The study population comprised 147 participants (33 males and 114 females) aged between 14 and 33 years.ResultsThe most prevalent methods of suicide attempts were pharmacological drugs abuse (42.31%) and exsanguination (25.64%), and the least frequent were poisoning and throwing oneself under a moving car (1.28%). The findings revealed that the female subjects tended to choose pharmacological drugs overdose and exsanguination as the suicide method, while males more frequently used hanging and asphyxia. Females also used a greater number of different suicide methods.ConclusionsThe study results indicate that women as a group more frequently attempted suicide rather than actually committing it, whereas men were more likely to complete suicides and choose more violent suicide methods; thus, women are the “attempters” and “survivors” of suicide attempts. The study findings may have implications for therapy and prevention of suicide, and suggest that psychotherapeutic activities should be tailored to the psychological and personality traits associated with gender identity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Gender differentiation in methods of suicide attempts

2011

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“…In the WHO Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviours (SUPRE-MISS), the WHO-5 was used to identify subjects who attempted suicide. The main finding of the SUPRE-MISS was that those attempting suicide generally had extremely low scores on the WHO-5 [37,38]. Furthermore, Vijayakumar et al [39] found that subjects with repeated suicide attempts scored lower on the WHO-5 than subjects with a first attempt (49.6 vs. 58.6, p = 0.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Topp

Østergaard

Søndergaard

et al. 2015

Psychother Psychosom

2,766

2,571

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Background: The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is among the most widely used questionnaires assessing subjective psychological well-being. Since its first publication in 1998, the WHO-5 has been translated into more than 30 languages and has been used in research studies all over the world. We now provide a systematic review of the literature on the WHO-5. Methods: We conducted a systematic search for literature on the WHO-5 in PubMed and PsycINFO in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. In our review of the identified articles, we focused particularly on the following aspects: (1) the clinimetric validity of the WHO-5; (2) the responsiveness/sensitivity of the WHO-5 in controlled clinical trials; (3) the potential of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression, and (4) the applicability of the WHO-5 across study fields. Results: A total of 213 articles met the predefined criteria for inclusion in the review. The review demonstrated that the WHO-5 has high clinimetric validity, can be used as an outcome measure balancing the wanted and unwanted effects of treatments, is a sensitive and specific screening tool for depression and its applicability across study fields is very high. Conclusions: The WHO-5 is a short questionnaire consisting of 5 simple and non-invasive questions, which tap into the subjective well-being of the respondents. The scale has adequate validity both as a screening tool for depression and as an outcome measure in clinical trials and has been applied successfully across a wide range of study fields.

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“…We should spare no effort in investigating where they seek help and their strategies for coping. The WHO has recently attempted to address this problem by setting up the Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behaviors (SUPRE-MISS) (32,33) . The protective effect of positive health practices on adolescent depression has been proven (19) , therefore, promoting positive health practices and preventing risk behaviors are as important as the management of mental disorders (19) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%