Suicide: a neurobiological point of view

Klempan, Timothy A.; Turecki, Gustavo

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462005000300002

Cited by 2 publications

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“…[8][9][10] There is a clear need for further investigation of the gene expression changes associated with these phenotypes to gain better insight into their possible biological mechanisms. 11 We have carried out a microarray-based investigation of these brain regions in both depressed and nondepressed suicide victims in comparison with controls, to identify novel candidate systems and biological pathways that may be involved in suicide and major depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered expression of genes involved in ATP biosynthesis and GABAergic neurotransmission in the ventral prefrontal cortex of suicides with and without major depression

et al. 2007

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The prefrontal cortex is believed to play a major role in depression and suicidal behavior through regulation of cognition, memory, recognition of emotion, and anxiety-like states, with numerous post-mortem studies documenting a prefrontal serotonergic dysregulation considered to be characteristic of depressive psychopathology. This study was carried out to detect changes in gene expression associated with both suicide and major depression using oligonucleotide microarrays (Affymetrix HG-U133 chip set) summarizing expression patterns in primarily ventral regions of the prefrontal cortex (BA44, 45, 46 and 47). A total of 37 male subjects were included in this study, of which 24 were suicides (depressed suicides = 16, nondepressed suicides = 8) and 13 were matched controls. All subjects were clinically characterized by means of psychological autopsies using structured interviews. Unique patterns of differential expression were validated in each of the cortical regions evaluated, with group-specific changes highlighting the involvement of several key neurobiological pathways that have been implicated in both suicide and depression. An overrepresentation of factors involved in cell cycle control and cell division (BA44), transcription (BA44 and 47) and myelination (BA46) was seen in gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes, which also highlights changes in the expression of genes involved in ATP biosynthesis and utilization across all areas. Gene misexpression in BA46 was most pronounced between the two suicide groups, with many significant genes involved in GABAergic neurotransmission. The pronounced misexpression of genes central to GABAergic signaling and astrocyte/ oligodendrocyte function provides further support for a central glial pathology in depression and suicidal behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered expression of genes involved in ATP biosynthesis and GABAergic neurotransmission in the ventral prefrontal cortex of suicides with and without major depression

et al. 2007

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“…There are some factors which increase the vulnerability of an individual to develop suicidal thoughts which progress into an attempt depending on several risk factors, however, the pathway of psychopathology involved in the process of transition from suicidal ideation to attempt remains undetermined. [8] Neurobiological underpinnings, genetic predisposition, [9] functional changes abnormalities in neuronal architecture and neurochemical function [10] in the brain which appear at an early age are some of individual's susceptibility for suicide as well as for mental disorder as one of the theories to explain that suicide is a process based on neurobiological changes. [11] Neurobiological changes appear much earlier than a manifestation of earliest symptoms of mental disorder.…”

Section: Neurobiological Risk Factors For Suicidementioning

confidence: 99%

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Suicide in Schizophrenia: Critical Role of Neuroprotective Mechanisms as an Emerging Hypothesis

Shrivastava¹,

Sousa

Rao

2016

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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Suicide is a common occurrence in psychiatric disorders and is a cause of increased healthcare utilization worldwide. Schizophrenia is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide and posited to be seen in 1% of the population worldwide. Suicide is a common occurrence in schizophrenia with 25%–30% patients with schizophrenia attempting suicide and 8%–10% completing it. There is a need for valid biological markers to help clinicians identify patients with schizophrenia that may be at a risk of suicide and thus help in them receiving better care and interventions at the earliest even before a suicide attempt occurring. There are clear neurobiological changes at a genetic, neuroimaging, and neurochemical level that occurs in patients with schizophrenia that attempt suicide. There is a new theory that postulates neuronal plasticity and neuroprotection to have a role in the biological changes that ensue when suicidal thoughts and feelings occur in patients with schizophrenia. Neurotrophic growth factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been documented to play a role in the protection of neurons and in the prevention of neurobiological changes that may lead to suicide both in schizophrenia and depression. The present paper presents a commentary that looks at the role of BDNF as a protective factor and neurobiological marker for suicide in schizophrenia.

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Suicide: a neurobiological point of view

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Altered expression of genes involved in ATP biosynthesis and GABAergic neurotransmission in the ventral prefrontal cortex of suicides with and without major depression

Altered expression of genes involved in ATP biosynthesis and GABAergic neurotransmission in the ventral prefrontal cortex of suicides with and without major depression

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Suicide in Schizophrenia: Critical Role of Neuroprotective Mechanisms as an Emerging Hypothesis

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