On secondary tics and tourettism

Mejia, Nicte I.; Jankovic, Joseph

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462005000200019

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…One possible reason for the relative rarity of documented PMRTs is that they can also be observed in patients with other PMDs,6 and differentiation of PMRTs from organic tics may be difficult as the latter exhibit features frequently observed in PMDs such as sudden onset, distractibility, suggestibility, stereotypic phenomenology, temporary remissions and a fluctuating course 7. The aim of this study was to characterise the clinical features observed in patients with PMRTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical features of psychogenic movement disorders resembling tics

Baizabal‐Carvallo

Jankovic

2013

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

107

106

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical features of psychogenic movement disorders resembling tics

Baizabal‐Carvallo

Jankovic

2013

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

107

106

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“…There are few descriptions of adult‐onset tics in the literature and thus their true prevalence remains unknown, because the phenomenon has not been systematically assessed. It has been estimated that approximately half of the reported cases represent recurrences of childhood tic disorders, whereas other cases have been reported to be secondary to several underlying conditions . As such, primary tics manifesting during adulthood have been occasionally described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult-Onset Primary Dystonic Tics: A Different Entity?

Erro

Martino

Ganos

et al. 2014

Mov Disord Clin Pract

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Based on their phenomenology, tics can be classified as clonic, dystonic, and tonic. Although tic syndromes are considered to be childhood disorders, there are reports on (clonic) tics developing late in life. Literature on dystonic tics is sparse, and it is unclear whether adult-onset dystonic tics are part of the same disorder spectrum that includes Tourette's syndrome or represent a discrete entity. We describe here 11 patients with adult-onset primary dystonic tics. Ten patients (90.1%) were males. Mean age at onset was 42.2 AE 14.9 years. More than 60% had both motor clonic and dystonic tics. Dystonic tics most frequently involved the cranial-cervical region and the shoulders and, less frequently, the limbs. Psychiatric comorbidities were present in 5 patients. Family history for any movement disorder or for psychiatric disorders was present in 2 cases. One patient showed a sensory geste, which allowed him to partially control his tics, whereas another developed overt dystonia 3 years after his first assessment. The hyperkinesias exhibited by these patients were likely consistent with tics. However, other clinical features would allow us to argue that adult-onset dystonic tics may represent a discrete entity, which is intermediate between tics and dystonia.

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“…Apart from accompanying features and age of onset, secondary tics do not differ in phenomenology from primary tics, although classic sensory phenomena 16 Many of these disorders also exhibit stereotypies, which may be difficult to distinguish from tics. The coexistence of primary tics and dystonia (most commonly cervical) is characterized by a later age of onset and lower severity of tics.…”

Section: Case 6-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 These lesions include cranial trauma, Table 6-2) 16 These lesions include cranial trauma, Table 6-2)…”

Section: Case 6-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tic Disorders

Martino¹,

Mink²

2013

CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology

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The correct diagnostic approach to tic disorders requires accurate historical gathering, a thorough neurologic examination, and detailed definition of the patient's psychopathologic profile. Treatment should always begin with individualized psychoeducational strategies. Although pharmacologic treatments remain beneficial for most patients, cognitive-behavioral treatments have thus far shown promising efficacy. Deep brain stimulation surgery should still be limited to adult patients refractory to pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

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On secondary tics and tourettism

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The clinical features of psychogenic movement disorders resembling tics

The clinical features of psychogenic movement disorders resembling tics

Adult-Onset Primary Dystonic Tics: A Different Entity?

Tic Disorders

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