Reduction of toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 by using baker yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in growing broiler chicks diets

Abstract

-This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding baker yeast (BY), chlortetracycline (CTC) and both BY + CTC to a control diet containing 200 ng/g of aflatoxin B 1 (C + AFB 1 ) on performance, serum parameters and pathologyc alterations of broilers. A total 100 chicks (Ross PM 3) were divided into five groups in individual cages and each containing 20 animals. BY, a rich source of protein and vitamin B complex, was mixed into the diets at 2.0 %, CTC was mixed into the diet at 2.5 ng/g. Feed consumption, body weight and feed efficiency were recorded weekly. Serum parameters and pathologyc alterations were determined at the end of the study. Dead animals were recorded daily. Liver changes were clearly apparent in the C+AFB 1 and C+ AFB 1 +CTC most of the livers were enlarged, yellow and had pethecial hemorrhages. Canalicula cholestosis was absent in group C+AFB 1 and C+ AFB 1 +CTC, but not others. When compared to the control (C) group, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), appear to be significantly increased in the C+AFB 1 and C+CTC+ AFB 1 groups. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT)was increased in C+AFB 1 birds. Serum alphaphetoprotein was not affected by the treatments. Feed consumption and body weight were significantly reduced in group AFB 1 . Birds receiving BY + AFB 1 , CTC + AFB 1 and BY + CTC + AFB 1 had a significantly higher body weight than group C+AFB 1 . Feed efficiency was better in group CTC + AFB 1 than the others. The findings of this research suggest tha BY (2%) can partly counteract some of the toxic effects of AFB 1 . RESUMO -Este estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar os efeitos da adição de Levedura de panificação (BY) e cortetraciclina (CTC) e ambos BY+CTC a uma dieta controle © contendo 200 ng/g de aflatoxina B1 (C+AFB1) sobre desempenho, parâmetros séricos e alterações patológicas de frangos de corte. Um total de 100 pintinhos (Ross PM3) foi dividido em cinco grupos, em gaiolas individuais, contendo 20 animais para cada grupo. A levedura de panificação, uma fonte rica de proteína e vitamina do complexo B foi adicionada à dieta, à porcentagem de 2% e a CTC, a 2.5 ng/g. Consumo alimentar, peso corporal e eficiência alimentar foram registrados semanalmente. Parâmetros séricos e alterações patológicas foram determinados no final do estudo. Animais mortos foram registrados diariamente. Alterações ocorridas no fígado foram claramente aparentes nas dietas C+AFB1 e C+AFB1+CTC, sendo que a maioria dos fígados apresentou-se aumentado, amarelo e com hemorragia peticial. Canícula colestoses foi ausente nos grupos C+AFB1 e C+AFB1=CTC, mas não nos demais grupos. Quando comparado com o grupo controle©, alcalino fosfatase (ALP), parece que houve aumento significativo nos grupos C+AFB1 e C=CTC=AFB1. O xaloacético tansaminase glutâmico (GOT) sérico foi maior no grupo de aves C+AFB1. A lphafetoproteína sérica não foi afetada pelos tratamentos. Consumo alimentar e peso corporal foram significativamente reduzidos no grupo AFB1. Animais que receberam BY+AFB1, CTC+AFB1 e BY+CTC+AFB1 tiver...

Saccharomyces cerevisiaeas a probiotic feed additive to non and pseudo‐ruminant feeding: a review

“…). The diet of chickens supplemented with S. cerevisae could be also used for egg‐yolk coloration due to the production of Phaffiarhodozyma carotenoids by the yeast (Çelik et al ).…”

Aflatoxins: Their Toxic Effect on Poultry and Recent Advances in Their Treatment

“…The supplementation of whole yeast and only yeast cell wall rather [53,112,123] have shown a reduction in mycotoxins toxicities, indicating possible stability of the yeast-mycotoxins complex along the gastrointestinal tract. The cell wall represents about 30% of total weight of yeast cell [112].…”

Natural Products for Preventing and Controlling Aflatoxin Contamination of Food

“…In an early study, some yeast strains isolated from West African maize were found to be able to bind 15-60% (w/w) of aflatoxin B1 and this toxin binding was highly strain specific [124]. Yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are generally used as performance promoters in poultry feeds, have also been shown to have beneficial effects against aflatoxin B1 exposure [125]. In fact, there have been many reports of yeasts and yeast cell components providing in varying degrees of protection of animals from aflatoxins in feed [126].…”

“…Yeast cells generally show very low adhesion to the intestine but are capable of withstanding the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract [146]. Animal feeding experiments have shown that the addition of whole cells or cell walls of S. cerevisiae to the diet resulted in a significant reduction of aflatoxin toxicity, indicating the possible stability of the yeast--aflatoxin complex during its passage through the gastrointestinal tract [125]. A recent study in mice showed that S. cerevisiae over a 6-week period improved weight gain and reduced the genotoxicity produced by aflatoxin B1 [147].…”