Respostas da Tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) à atratividade e palatabilidade de ingredientes utilizados na alimentação de peixes

Abstract

RESUMO -Avaliaram-se as respostas da tilápia do Nilo à atratividade e palatabilidade de 14 ingredientes. O método utilizado foi de dupla escolha, comparando-se cada ingrediente peletizado à uma ração controle. Foram empregados quatro aquários (750 litros) contendo, cada um, três alevinos e dois comedouros instalados nos cantos direito e esquerdo, sendo registrados tempo decorrido entre colocação do ingrediente e chegada dos animais aos comedouros, freqüência de visitas aos comedouros, número de grânulos ingeridos e freqüência de ejeções. Os tratamentos foram comparados pela prova não-paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis e a comparação dos ingredientes para o conjunto de variáveis, por intermédio da "Análise de Agrupamento" e "Análise de Componentes Principais". Os ingredientes foram assim classificados: a) baixa atrato-palatabilidade = farelos de trigo, soja e algodão, farinha e raspa de mandioca, farinha de girassol e fubá de milho, b) média atrato-palatabilidade = levedura de cana-de-açúcar e glúten de milho e c) alta atrato-palatabilidade = ovo integral liofilizado, farinhas de crisálidas, peixes, carne e camarão. Ingestão de grânulos (manhã e tarde) e freqüência de visitas aos comedouros (tarde) foram consideradas as variáveis mais discriminatórias e freqüência de ejeção de grânulos e tempo gasto para aproximação dos comedouros (manhã e tarde), as menos discriminatórias. As respostas comportamentais dos peixes variaram de acordo com o ingrediente apresentado. A avaliação do grau de atrato-palatabilidade deve ser realizada considerando-se uma combinação de parâmetros. Palavras-chave: atratividade, ingredientes, Oreochromis niloticus, palatabilidade, tilápia do Nilo Response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to the Attraction and Palatability of the Used Ingredients in the Feeding of FishesABSTRACT -The response of Nile tilapia to the attraction and palatability of 14 ingredients was evaluated. The two-choice method was used, comparing each pelleted ingredient to a control diet. It was utilized Four aquaria (750 liters) containing in each one three fingerlings and two feed containers at the right and left corner, being recorded the elapsed time between the lay of the ingredient and the arrive of the fingerlings to feed containers, visiting frequency to the feed containers, amount of ingested pellets and ejections frequency. The treatments were compared by non-parametric method of Kruskal-Wallis and the comparison of the ingredients for the variable set using "Grouping Analysis" and "Principal Components Analysis". The numbers of ingested pellets (at morning and at afternoon) and the visiting frequency to feed containers (at afternoon) were considered the most discriminatory variables. The ingredients were classified as it follows: a) low attraction and palatability = wheat meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, cassava meal, cassava scrapings, sunflower meal and corn meal), b) medium attraction and palatability = sugar-cane yeast and corn gluten meal and c) high attraction and palatability = integral lyophilized ...

Influence of Tryptophan supplemented diets on self-balancing, food intake and growth performance of juvenile and adult Nile tilapia

“…Pereira-da-Silva (1999) has shown that the fish can select the food to be consumed. Nile tilapia can select during feed intake with different ingredients (Pereira-da-Silva, 2000). Almaida-Pagan et al (2006) determined that sharpsnout seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) is also able to selfbalance and regulate the consumption of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids while Fortes-Silva et al (2010) detected preference for diets with different types of oil for Nile tilapia.…”

Bovine meat and Bone Meal as an Economically Viable Alternative in Quail Feeding in the Final Phase

“…Other advantages of the dietary inclusion of bovine MBM, in addition to its nutritional content, are the improvement of feed odor, flavor, and texture, increasing feed palatability, as well as their safety, as it does not contain allergens or antinutritional factors, allowing its use for a wide range of livestock diets (Pereira-Da- Silva and Pezzato, 2000). This suggests that the partial replacement of soybean meal by bovine MBM in laying Japanese quail diets may be an alternative to ensure proper nutrition at a lower cost.…”

Influence of diets supplemented with tryptophan on self-balancing, feed intake and productive performance in white cachama (Piaractus brachypomus)

“…The hypothalamic centers, likely involved in eating behavior and satiety, can be stimulated by either intestinal satiety or metabolic factors, like levels of metabolites in the blood or changes in temperature (Botero, 2004). Moreover, it has been shown that fish have a preference for certain pellet shapes, textures, smells and tastes (Botero, 2004), and regulate the intake of some nutrients and ingredients (protein levels, different oils and protein sources, among others) through testing of self-balancing and food selection, bringing us ever closer to their behavior, feeding preferences and nutritional requirements (Pereira-da-Silva & Pezzato, 1999;Pereira-da-Silva & Pezzato, 2000;Pereira-da-Silva et al, 2004;Bordinhon et al, 2013).…”