Identification of a criminal by DNA typing in a rape case in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Góes, Andréa Carla de Souza; Silva, Dayse A.; Domingues, Cristiane; Sobrinho, João Marreiro; Carvalho, E.F.

doi:10.1590/s1516-31802002000300004

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…3 While DNA analysis has proven successful in identifying unknown victims and perpetrators of crime, it is of little value when there are no family members to positively identify or claim the deceased. [4][5][6] In the present scenario, forensic anthropologists are involved in discovering new methods of identification from skeletal remains, cadavers as well as living beings. The reason to work on new populations is that the earlier acquired standards of age and sex determination have lost their values due to secular changes in the modern populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex determination from adult human humerus by discriminant function analysis

Reddy

Doshi

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Sex determination of unidentified skeletal remains from crime scenes or excavation sites is an important component in the development of the biological profile in forensics, anthropology and bioarchaeology. The purpose of this research is to determine whether sexing of unknown adult human humerus bones can be done by applying values of morphometric parameters and formulae generated by present study on adult human humerus bones of known sex and to find out the best parameters for sex determination.Methods: Various metric measurements were recorded using osteo metric board, measuring tape, non-elastic thread, sliding calipers and Vernier calipers on adult human humerus bones.Results: Sex was correctly estimated by using stepwise discriminant function analysis, for the clavicle 100% of males and 95% of females, with a total accuracy of 98.1%. Direct discriminant function analysis, correct estimated sex for the clavicle was 100% in males and 95% in females with a total accuracy of 98.1%.Conclusions: Present study exhibited better classification accuracy for multiple variables than those of single variables, the most discriminating variables in stepwise analysis are the weight, total length, transverse diameter of head, circumference of midshaft, trochlear width, capitulum width. In direct analysis, the single most useful variable was the transverse diameter of head.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex determination from adult human humerus by discriminant function analysis

Reddy

Doshi

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…The encoded DNA molecule is incubated with the mutant form of EcoR1 that is able to bind tightly to its correct DNA site but is not able to cleave the DNA. 8 (b) The resulting "studded" DNA is then fed through a solid-state nanopore, driven by an applied voltage. The current through the nanopore is measured as a function of time and discrete additional blockade events would be observed (simulated here) each time an EcoR1/DNA complex passes through the nanopore.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible Writing of Data into DNA

Skinner¹,

Visscher²,

Mansuripur³

2007

j bionanosci

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Abstract.A simple DNA-based data storage scheme is demonstrated in which information is written using "addressing" oligonucleotides. In contrast to other methods that allow arbitrary code to be stored, the resulting DNA is suitable for downstream enzymatic and biological processing. This capability is crucial for DNA computers, and may allow for a diverse array of computational operations to be carried out using this DNA. Although here we use gel-based methods for information readout, we also propose more advanced methods involving protein/DNA complexes and atomic force microscopy/nano-pore schemes for data readout. INTRODUCTION.DNA is attractive for storing digital information, partly due to its potentially ultra-high density 1 ; in theory, 1 gram of DNA is capable of storing about the same amount of data as 10 12 CD-ROMs. 2 DNA also offers the possibility of creating extremely durable information archives, e.g., by introducing the DNA into reproducing organisms, such as bacteria tolerant to radioactivity.3 As the organism replicates its genome, the information is carried into the next generation. In combination with some form of selection pressure to reduce mutation rates, such information could be secured for thousands, perhaps millions, of years. Under appropriate conditions, even in vitro storage of DNA could be secure for hundreds of years. Another key attraction of DNA as a memory storage device is novel forms of computational problems that can be addressed using it. For example, in his seminal paper, Adleman demonstrated that DNA could be used to solve an instance of the Hamiltonian path or "Traveling Salesman" problem. 4 Such problems require large amounts of conventional computing time, even for problems of modest complexity. By making use of DNA's ability to rapidly search a large information space in parallel, DNA computing offers the possibility of solving these problems on a practical timescale. The DNA memory scheme presented here might further enable DNA computation, by allowing the DNA computer to be "programmed" in a faster, more efficient manner. This could save enormous time and expense over synthesizing each unique molecule one by one.Previous groups have encoded meaningful information in DNA directly as a sequence of base pairs.3,5 However, chemical DNA synthesis is slow and expensive, and a new molecule must be created each time new data is to be written. To overcome this limitation, methods have been developed that take advantage of the formation of complementary base pairs in DNA to generate molecules representing information. Notably, a 3-bit system has been developed by Shin and Pierce that allows for the encoding of up to eight distinct states in a DNA molecule, which is even rewritable.6 This method has some important limitations, however, which may hinder its development into a fully-fledged DNA memory device. It was not possible to unambiguously read out the information using simple gel-based methods; in this case only the total number of memory bits that were "1" or "0" could be d...

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“…Therefore, DNA was extracted from blood of the victim, 4 suspects and skin tissue of the foetus. Analysis of 6 STR loci were done, and the allele types for one locus are shown here (Table 1) 9 . Taking the first locus (CSF1PO) as an example; the foetus has alleles 10 and 11, with 10 arising from the mother since she is homozygous for allele 10.…”

Section: Autosomal Chromosome Str Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A short review on the use of short tandem repeat based DNA profiling in sexual assault

Cassim

2020

Sri Lanka J Forensic Med, Sci & Law

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Forensic DNA evidence can convict perpetrators who would otherwise have escaped, hence the reason for its growth in case evidence over the years. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profiling, continues to be the mainstay for forensic DNA testing due to its robustness and high power of discrimination. The 'core STRs' in forensics, are highly polymorphic, and unique to an individual, therefore proven as important investigative leads in cases of identification of perpetrators in sexual assault, thereby ensuring justice. The common STRs used to date are autosomal STRs, Y-STRs, mini STRs and recently, Deletion Insertion Polymorphism-STRs. This article reviews current literature and discusses the advantages and limitations of each STR marker and their targets in different challenging samples. It aims to provide intuition on minimising ambiguous profiles for case evidence in sexual assault and thereby, reduce the chances of wrongful conviction by DNA evidence.

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Identification of a criminal by DNA typing in a rape case in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Sex determination from adult human humerus by discriminant function analysis

Sex determination from adult human humerus by discriminant function analysis

Biocompatible Writing of Data into DNA

A short review on the use of short tandem repeat based DNA profiling in sexual assault

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