Editorial Minor symptoms: the illnesses of the 21st Century

Benseñor, Isabela Martins

doi:10.1590/s1516-31802001000200001

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This improvement in performance may be explained by the fact that MC/DW is patient-centered method, focused on solving virtual, contextualized and interactive real cases. Feedback and repetition promote greater motivational and critical thinking, and emphasize differential diagnosis of the so-called minor symptoms (nonspecific symptoms, a real epidemic of the 21 st Century) 29,30,31 . According to Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick 32 , training systems evaluation takes place at four levels: reaction (satisfaction), learning, behavioral change, and results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Undergraduate Medical Education in a Virtual Learning Environment Using an Original Pedagogical Approach: an Observational Longitudinal Study

Magalhães

2019

Rev. bras. educ. med.

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Background: Asynchronous Web-based Medical Education in Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) has grown steadily because of its many advantages. Various configurations and instructional methods are presently available. The existing proposals are poorly structured and/or not very effectively used for teaching diagnostic skills to undergraduate medical students in Brazil. A robust instructional method with positive pedagogical characteristics is needed. Thus, we have proposed a pedagogicallystructured method for VLEs that includes a motivating initial reading (Medical Chronicle -MC), and a knowledge building program, using real cases coupled with audiovisual resources (Diagnostic Workshop -DW). We aimed to verify its acceptance, as well as the efficacy of the MC/DW method in improving the diagnostic ability of medical students, in the long term. Methods: An opinion survey, two MC/DW materials and two Knowledge and Diagnostic Skills (KDS) questionnaires on stroke and epilepsy were developed, and two medical student groups were followed up in this 2013 longitudinal observational study. The students answered a KDS1, and attended a traditional lecture on one of the topics. They also accessed a VLE to apply the MC/DW method on stroke or epilepsy. We applied the same questionnaire (KDS2 and KDS3, respectively), one month and 5-6 months after the KDS1. We analyzed the mean KDS1 score of all the students, and the mean pairwise of those who accessed and those who did not access the VLEs during these three stages. An opinion survey was applied, and the results were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: 87 students participated in the study, but six were excluded as they did not answer the questionnaires. The KDS1 general mean score was 1.59 (SD0.71). We found that 66 students (81.5%) accessed the VLE, showing a significant improvement in diagnostic skills in the KDS2 (mean5.65, p<0.05) and KDS3 (mean 4.57, p<0.05), with non-significant variations for those who did not access it. The MC was considered at least good for 62 students (94%), with 52 students (78.8%) finding that a checklist was sufficient to clear up all their DW doubts. Conclusions: The MC/DW method in VLE proved to be effective for improving the diagnostic capability of the undergraduate medical students in the long term, and it was well accepted by the students. It presents several positive pedagogical characteristics and can be replicated. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO MÉDICA 43 (1) : 97 -104 ; 2019 98 Lucas Vilas Bôas Magalhães et al. http://dx.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Undergraduate Medical Education in a Virtual Learning Environment Using an Original Pedagogical Approach: an Observational Longitudinal Study

Magalhães

2019

Rev. bras. educ. med.

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“…Other relevant topics such as cranial trauma and nervous system tumors, for example, would be covered within the aforementioned DW, as differentials to be considered. We believe the CD/DW approach to be and active method based on the critical school 23 , with heavy emphasis on the development of diagnostic abilities from non-specific situations 20 , and capable of leading to effective knowledge building 2 . Commitment is a pivotal requirement for effective and solid knowledge construction here, developed through interdependent, increasingly complex stations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some innovative methodologies are expensive and require complex logistics, demanding global curriculum changes and making their implementation difficult in resource-poor environments 18 . The reasons underlying the apparent lack of efficacy which plagues graduate medical education are manifold and poorly understood 19 , but we believe there is an element of disrespect for individual learning needs and tempo, besides a lack of prioritization of the teaching of diagnostic abilities from minor symptoms 20 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

A Brazilian original pedagogical approach to the teaching of neurology

Magalhães

Fernándes

Magalhães

et al. 2014

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The two-arm Clinical Decisions/Diagnostic Workshop (CD/DW) approach to undergraduate medical education has been successfully used in Brazil. Objective: Present the CD/DW approach to the teaching of stroke, with the results of its pre-experimental application and of a comparative study with the traditional lecture-case discussion approach. Method: Application of two questionnaires (opinion and Knowledge-Attitudes-Perceptions-KAP) to investigate the non-inferiority of the CD/DW approach. Results: The method was well accepted by teachers and students alike, the main drawback being the necessarily long time for its completion by the students, a feature that may better cater for different educational needs. The comparative test showed the CD/DW approach to lead to slightly higher cognitive acquisition as opposed to the traditional method, clearly showing its non-inferiority status. Conclusion: The CD/DW approach seems to be another option for teaching neurology in undergraduate medical education, with the bonus of respecting each learner`s time.Keywords: neurology, stroke, medical education, teaching materials.RESUMO O método Decisões Clínicas/Oficinas Diagnósticas (DC/OD) é usado com sucesso na graduação médica no Brasil. Objetivo: Apresentar o método DC/OD usando o exemplo do Acidente Vascular Encefálico, assim como os resultados de sua aplicação pré-experimental e de um estudo comparativo com o método tradicional (aula mais discussão de casos). Método: Aplicação de questionários de opiniões e de questionários de conhecimentos, atitudes e percepções para investigar a não inferioridade do método DC/OD. Resultados: DC/OD foi bem aceito por professores e estudantes. A principal crítica foi o tempo necessariamente longo para os estudantes completá-lo, característica que pode atender às diferentes necessidades educacionais. O estudo comparativo demonstrou que o método DC/OD levou a uma aquisição cognitiva maior que o tradicional, demonstrando sua não inferioridade. Conclusão: O método DC/OD parece ser uma alternativa para o ensino da neurologia na graduação médica, com a vantagem de respeitar o diferente tempo de aprendizado dos estudantes.Palavras-chave: neurologia, acidente vascular cerebral, educação médica, materiais de ensino.The last decades have witnessed a deluge of scientific evidence in all areas of neurology 1 . Yet, such evidence is still little applied to those who need it most, patients 2 , as the diagnostic acumen of primary care practitioners, chiefly in neurology, has lagged behind 3,4,5 . These professionals who lack the basic skills of data collection and interpretation, differential diagnosis and diagnostic work-up place a heavy burden on already over-stretched health systems 6,7 . Additionally, clinical inertia, which fails to implement evidence-based diagnostic tools 8 , makes practice predominantly replicative 9 . Thus, the formation of professionals who can successfully translate people's complaints into meaningful diagnoses is deficient, to say the least, calling for innovative approache...

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Editorial Minor symptoms: the illnesses of the 21st Century

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Web-Based Undergraduate Medical Education in a Virtual Learning Environment Using an Original Pedagogical Approach: an Observational Longitudinal Study

Web-Based Undergraduate Medical Education in a Virtual Learning Environment Using an Original Pedagogical Approach: an Observational Longitudinal Study

A Brazilian original pedagogical approach to the teaching of neurology

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