Effect of hyperbranched polyesters on HTPB polyurethane curing kinetic

Song, Xingyou; Luo, Yunjun

doi:10.1590/s1516-14392013005000193

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The diffusivity also decreased with the addition of catalysts, following the same trend as the activation energy: DBTL > TPB > FeAA > TECH. This suggests that both reactivity and diffusivity were affected similarly by the addition of catalysts [17,22,24]. The effect of adding catalysts on the activation energy and diffusivity of the curing process is summarized in Table 5.…”

Section: Catalyst Additionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Diffusion Effect on Octogen Coating-Curing Kinetics with Polyurethane Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Wibowo,

Sitompul,

Budiman

et al. 2023

Coatings

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The kinetic analysis of octogen coating with a polyurethane base containing hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was investigated using infrared spectroscopy. The coating process involved a solvent method, where octogen and liquid polyurethane were mixed, the solvent was evaporated, and curing took place at an elevated temperature. The ratio of HTPB to diisocyanate was equimolar. About 200 g octogen was coated with mixture of 2 mL HTPB, 50 mL ethyl acetate, and 0.2 mL TDI in the glass beaker at 30 °C for 1 h. The filtrated ethyl acetate was then evaporated, and the residue was dried in a vacuum oven for 15 min at 30 °C. The resulting film-coated octogen was cast into a KBr pellet and cured in the oven for 7 days at 40 °C, then infrared-analyzed every hour during the curing process. After curing, the shape of the coated octogen particles was analyzed using SEM Initially, the curing process occurred in the solvent system, followed by further curing in the bulk system. The kinetic analysis was performed using a modified diffusion-autocatalytic model, which includes noncatalytic, autocatalytic, and diffusion components. This model was compared with others during the bulk reaction and proved to be effective in correcting errors, particularly in the gel time region. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated using the Arrhenius and Eyring equations. The reaction rate was initially controlled by chemical reactivity, but after the gel time, diffusion became the controlling factor. In the HTPB-TDI system, both the noncatalytic and autocatalytic parts decreased with increasing temperature, while diffusivity increased. It is worth noting that diffusivity is temperature-dependent. Different di-isocyanates, namely toluene diisocyanate (TDI), iso-phorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), were studied, revealing that HMDI exhibited higher reactivity than TDI and IPDI. The catalyst effect on reaction rate of the HTPB-TDI system was investigated. The addition of catalysts (0.1%) to the HTPB-TDI system decreased their activation energy in the order DBTL > FeAA > TPB. Catalysts did not change their diffusivity.

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Section: Catalyst Additionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The thermodynamic parameters are evaluated using the Arrhenius and Eyring relations, which are expressed in Equations ( 7) and (8) [13,22,24]. In these equations, the symbols k, E, A, ∆S, and ∆H represent the reaction rate constant, activation energy, collision frequency, enthalpy, and entropy of the i-th reaction.…”

Section: Kinetics Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion Effect on Octogen Coating-Curing Kinetics with Polyurethane Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Wibowo,

Sitompul,

Budiman

et al. 2023

Coatings

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“…Among the experimental techniques, we employ the spectroscopic technique FT‐IR, which has been widely used 5,26,27,32 . According to this technique, the reaction was followed by monitoring the change in area of absorption band of (–N=C=O) stretching at 2257 cm −1 3,28 …”

Section: Curing Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,26,27,32 According to this technique, the reaction was followed by monitoring the change in area of absorption band of (-N=C=O) stretching at 2257 cm −1 . 3,28 The extent of the cure reaction (α) can be determined by Equation (1).…”

Section: Curing Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the curing kinetics of polyurethane/nitrocellulose blends through FT‐IR measurements

Touidjine

Boulkadid

Belkhiri

et al. 2022

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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Polyester (HTPS) based polyurethane (PU) elastomers were currently established to be effective binders for high-energy composites with improved performances. Conventional PU binders are mostly non-energetic materials, and consequently reduce the energy performance significantly. Nitrocellulose (NC), is an energetic polymer widely used as an ingredient in propellants, explosives, fireworks, and gas generators, it may be introduced in PU-based compositions to overcome their performance drawback. Kinetic parameters must be specified in order to build PU binders with the most convenient and appropriate features. Therefore, the cure kinetics of polyester based polyurethane binder systems were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) isothermal method.The polyester prepolymer (Desmophen R 1200) was cured with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI: Desmodur R N100) at various molar ratios (R [NCO]/[OH] = 0.6, 1, 1.25, and 1.5) and under different isothermal conditions (T = 60 • C, 80 • C, 100 • C, and 120 • C). In addition, the effect of the addition of nitrocellulose on the kinetics of polymerization of PU was investigated. The progression of the reaction was followed based on the decrease of the peak intensity of -NCO group at 2271 cm −1 as a function of the reaction time. The curing kinetic model and the apparent activation energy (E α ) were determined by the use of Kamal autocatalytic model and Friedman isoconversional method, respectively.

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The effect of a novel of hyperbranched cross-linking agent on the mechanical of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene based solid propellant

et al. 2022

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Effect of hyperbranched polyesters on HTPB polyurethane curing kinetic

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Diffusion Effect on Octogen Coating-Curing Kinetics with Polyurethane Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Diffusion Effect on Octogen Coating-Curing Kinetics with Polyurethane Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Investigation of the curing kinetics of polyurethane/nitrocellulose blends through FT‐IR measurements

The effect of a novel of hyperbranched cross-linking agent on the mechanical of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene based solid propellant

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