Rutting prediction of asphalt mixtures modified by polypropylene fibers via repeated creep testing by utilising genetic programming

Abstract

A novel application of genetic programming (GP) for modelling and presenting closed form solutions to the rutting prediction for polypropylene (PP) modified asphalt mixtures is investigated. Various PP fibers have been utilised for bitumen modification and repeated creep (RC) tests have been carried out. Marshall specimens, fabricated with multifilament 3 mm (M-03) type PP fibers at optimum bitumen content of 5% have been tested under different load values and patterns at 50 °C to investigate their rutting potential. It has been shown that the service lives of PP fiber-reinforced Marshall specimens are respectively longer than the control specimens under the same testing conditions (5 to 12 times). Input variables in the developed GP model use the physical properties of Marshall specimens such as PP type, specimen height, unit weight, voids in mineral aggregate, voids filled with asphalt, air voids, rest period and pulse counts. The performance of the accuracy of the proposed GP model is observed to be quite satisfactory. To obtain the main effects plot, detailed parametric studies have been performed. The presented closed form solution will also help further researchers willing to perform studies on the prediction of the rutting potential of asphalt without carrying out destructive tests for similar type of aggregate sources, bitumen, aggregate gradation, modification technique and laboratory conditions.

On the Use of Special Functions for Analyzing the Steady State Creep in Short Fiber Composites Semi-theoretically

“…To analyze the steady state creep problem, a cylindrical unit cell model is assumed in accordance with previous researches in order for modeling a short fiber composite 1,2,[7][8][9][10][11] . Therefore, a unit cell of the short fiber composite is a representative for a complete composite.…”

“…In the recent years, the analytical methods have been introduced for analyzing nonlinear differential and ordinary equations with purpose of obtaining suitable solutions and algorithms. In addition, some analytical and experimental attempts were carried out to analyze the creep behaviors [7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Effect of Nonlinear Functions on Prediction of the Creep Behavior in Fibrous Composites Theoretically

“…In the recent years, the theoretical methods have been introduced for analyzing nonlinear differential and ordinary equations with purpose of obtaining suitable solutions and algorithms. Additionally, some analytical and experimental attempts were performed to study the creep be-haviors [12][13][14].…”

Neural Network Based Simulation of Micro Creeping Fibrous Composites SiC/Al6061 for Plastic Behaviour

“…In addition, recently as a different research work, creep tests have been fulfilled at 923 and 973 K on two heats with different solution annealing conditions [18]. Moreover, in the recent years, various investigations and experimental attempts were carried out to analyze the creep behaviours of the materials [19][20][21][22][23][24]. For example, Monfared [24] predicted stress behaviour in short fiber composites, under axial tensile stress, based on well-behaved displacement rates in…”