The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

Haji, Aminoddin; Rahbar, Ruhollah Semnani; Kalantari, Bahareh

doi:10.1590/s1516-14392012005000076

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Another study dealt with the birefringence of PET fibers generated by hot multistage drawing [ 48 ]. The experiments were carried out on a Zeiss polarizing microscope coupled with a tilting compensator.…”

Section: Optically Birefringent Polymer Materials and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Optical Methods Used to Characterize the Linear Birefringence of Polymer Materials for Various Applications

et al. 2023

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Optical polymers are recognized for their high transparency, raised flexibility, low cost, and good film-forming ability; hence, they introduce a multitude of benefits in a wide range of devices, such as information storage, displays, optical communications, and filters. Among the optical properties, birefringence is an essential parameter in practical cases that demand the control of the state of polarization of light. This review is focused on describing some fundamental and applicative aspects concerning the optical birefringence of the polymer materials. First, elementary notions depicting the phenomenon of light double refraction in macromolecular media are provided. Furthermore, the most relevant optical techniques to determine birefringence are reviewed by highlighting the working principle and mathematical basis for computing this parameter. Then, a series of investigations of optically birefringent polymers are described, summarizing the most utilized approaches to induce light double refraction in such materials. The selected results are analyzed in relation to the pursued applications. In the end, the future of this scientific domain is briefly presented by establishing the research paths that need further exploration. Moreover, the novel directions that could be formulated and might contribute to certain considerable advancements in the materials employed in the modern optical technologies are mentioned.

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Section: Optically Birefringent Polymer Materials and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Optical Methods Used to Characterize the Linear Birefringence of Polymer Materials for Various Applications

et al. 2023

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“…2 Thermal and mechanical loading of polymers leads to microstructural changes, and these relationships have been documented before. [17][18][19][20] Using XRD, we compared microstructural signatures of virgin and abraded fabrics to signatures acquired from more fundamental experiments. These comparisons will generate microscale understanding of the fabric abrasion deformation process.…”

Section: Macroscopic Failure Also Indicates Significant Microstructural Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding thermomechanical failure of athletic textiles via the pendulum skid method

Gregory

Swarup

et al. 2018

Textile Research Journal

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Fiber textiles worn by some athletes and basketball and volleyball players experience higher than usual thermomechanical stresses compared to everyday garments because these athletes slide and dive on hardwood courts. Common textile testing procedures, such as the Martindale abrasion tester, effectively test textiles under modest loads and thousands of cycles, but this methodology does not suffice for athletic textiles. In addition, there is not a robust model nor a repeatable test that mimics high thermomechanical stress on fabrics and provides insights on fabric abrasion resistance. We present a model to calculate the temperatures and strain rates that are seen by fabrics undergoing thermomechanical deformation. To enable validation of the model, a fabric pendulum abrasion tester, an adaptation of the Cooper pendulum skid tester, was developed. The tester characterizes high-strain fabric abrasion deformation. This adaptation is statistically reliable and induces repeatable and realistic fabric failure within tens to hundreds of cycles, proving to be analogous to the loads athletes place on their textiles. Analog electronics on the pendulum abrasion tester generate real-time temperature and velocity profiles. A series of 11 unique athletic fabrics were abrasion tested, and it was found that fabrics with macroporosity experience the largest abrasion degradation. Significant degradation sites were further explored using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, and it was shown that thermomechanical loading’s effect on fiber microstructure is a function of the fabric construction. This novel abrasion tester and quantitative relationships between fabric structure and degradation mechanisms will enable more data-driven decisions when designing textiles for thermomechanical loads.

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“…It was reported that 60% of the world polyester production in 2010 was consumed in the form of fibres [1]. Various methods have been investigated by previous researchers, involving spinning, drawing, and annealing processes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. These methods, including vibrating hot drawing, zone-drawing, cold-drawing, horizontal isothermal bath, draw by using high pressure CO 2 , and high speed in-line drawing, are quite different from each other; however, the fundamentals are the same.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of High Modulus Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate): Influence of Molecular Weight, Extrusion, and Drawing Parameters

Zhang¹,

Hua²,

Reynolds³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) which is one of the most commercially important polymers, has for many years been an interesting candidate for the production of high performance fibres and tapes. In current study, we focus on investigating the effects of the various processing variables on the mechanical properties of PET produced by a distinctive process of melt spinning and uniaxial two-stage solid-state drawing (SSD). These processing variables include screw rotation speed during extrusion, fibre take-up speed, molecular weight, draw-ratio, and drawing temperature. As-spun PET production using a single-screw extrusion process was first optimized to induce an optimal polymer microstructure for subsequent drawing processes. It was found that less crystallization which occurred during this process would lead to better drawability, higher draw-ratio, and mechanical properties in the subsequent SSD process. Then the effect of drawing temperature (DT) in uniaxial two-stage SSD process was studied to understand how DT (<Tg or close to Tg or close to Trec) would affect the crystallization, draw-ratio, and final mechanical properties of PET. The designed process in current work is simulated to an industrial production process for PET fibres; therefore, results and analysis in this paper have significant importance for industrial production.

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The effect of hot multistage drawing on molecular structure and optical properties of polyethylene terephthalate fibers

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Review on Optical Methods Used to Characterize the Linear Birefringence of Polymer Materials for Various Applications

Review on Optical Methods Used to Characterize the Linear Birefringence of Polymer Materials for Various Applications

Understanding thermomechanical failure of athletic textiles via the pendulum skid method

Preparation of High Modulus Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate): Influence of Molecular Weight, Extrusion, and Drawing Parameters

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