Stabilization of electric-arc furnace dust in concrete

Abstract

Electric-arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a by-product of steel production and recycling. This fine-grained material contains high amounts of zinc and iron as well as significant amounts of potentially toxic elements such as lead, cadmium and chromium. Therefore, the treatment and stabilization of this industrial residue is necessary. Concrete is a well-known suitable environment for stabilization/solidification of materials which have leachable elements in need of fixation. The effect of the EAFD content on the mechanical and chemical performance of Portland cement concrete is investigated in this paper. The effect of the EAFD content on the setting time of cement slurry was also analyzed. The axial compressive strength of the concrete samples increases with the EAFD addition in the range of 10 to 20 wt. (%) EAFD; also the tensile strength increases with the EAFD addition. An increase in EAFD content significantly increases the setting time of the concrete. The acetic acid leaching and water solubilization tests indicate low mobility of the potentially toxic elements from the EAFD concrete composite. The results of the immersion tests show that the addition of EAFD to the concrete seems to reduce chloride penetration, which may help prevent pitting corrosion in reinforced concrete.

A Double Barrier Technique with Hydrotalcites for Pb Immobilisation from Electric Arc Furnace Dust

“…Figure 7 shows a group of small particles (~1 µm) combining to form particles of 10–15 µm in size, consistent with the findings of other authors [7,49,50,51]. The EAFD specific gravity was 3.85 g cm −3 , which was similar to values obtained by other authors [13,52,53]. The specific gravity of SF and CEM, provided by the manufacturer, was 2.60 g cm −3 and 3.14 g cm −3 , respectively.…”

Hydration of Reactive MgO as Partial Cement Replacement and Its Influence on the Macroperformance of Cementitious Mortars

“…Some of the solutions involve improving the calcination process energy efficiency, using alternative fuels or raw materials, and exploring the role of cement systems in carbon capture and storage technologies [2]. Among the aforementioned, the one considered the most effective from an environmental impact reduction point of view is direct replacement of cement (i.e., supplementary cementitious materials) with constituents that partake in the hydration and strength development processes, especially if sourced from industrial wastes (e.g., fly ash, ground granulated blastfurnace slag, palm oil fuel ash, and electric-arc furnace dust) [3][4][5][6]. is makes the use of reactive magnesium oxide (MgO) a unique opportunity to reduce the resulting composite's carbon footprint, as well as to improve some of its features [7].…”

Properties of SCC prepared using natural pozzolana and industrial wastes as mineral fillers

“…It is a fine grained, high-density material containing high amounts of zinc and pozzolanic materials which retards Portland cement hydration process (in its raw form) and enhances concrete (medium to long term) properties. Studies [20][21][22] on the incorporation of BHD in CVC have been reported. However, its use in SCC has not been studied, probably due to the retardation in the setting of cement.…”