Material properties and in vitro biocompatibility of a newly developed bone cement

Mitzner, Elke; Pelt, Paco Albertus Hubert Maria; Mueller, Christian; Strohwig, Angela; Müeller, Wolf-Dieter

doi:10.1590/s1516-14392009000400013

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“… 15 It is believed that the main causes which lead to the formation of this fibrous tissue are the overheating during cement drying, the confinement of the bone segment by the cement block interrupting the blood supply, and the discrepancy of elasticity between the cancellous bone and the cement. 16 In theory, the porous cement could inhibit the formation of this fibrous tissue and promote osseointegration. It achieves maximum temperatures lower than the solid cement during drying, thus, decreasing the risk of necrosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mechanical characterization of a porous cement for metaphyseal bone repair

et al. 2015

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OBJECTIVE: Macroporous cement with mechanical properties similar to cancellous bone may improve the treatment of large bone defects in relation to solid acrylic cement. The aim of this study was to compare physical and mechanical characteristics of a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based porous cement with cancellous bone. METHODS: Compressive strength and pore size, interconnectivity, and distribution of cylindrical porous PMMA cement samples containing 10% (G1), 20% (G2) or 30% (G3) effervescent components were analyzed. Results were compared to bovine cancellous bone (G4) and solid PMMA (G5) samples. RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of all experimental samples (G1 - G3) revealed a random distribution and a wide size variation of pores ranging from 50 µm to 3 mm. Micro-CT showed that G2 have high porosity and lower interconnectivity of pores. No significant differences in yield strength and Young's modulus were observed among G1, G2 and G3. G4 samples were slightly stronger and less elastic than the other groups. Solid PMMA is extremely strong and inelastic. CONCLUSIONS: PMMA based porous cement met the expected characteristics. High porosity with large and interconnected pores may allow for bone ingrowth. Strength and elasticity similar to cancellous bone may enhance mechanical stimuli to bone remodeling. Observational Descriptive Study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and mechanical characterization of a porous cement for metaphyseal bone repair

et al. 2015

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“…Moreover, rapid advances in the production of new bone substitutes are improving the biomechanical strength of these biomaterials. More recent studies investigated new cements that are injectable and biocompatible with excellent compressive, bending and tensile strength that are comparable with cortical bone [19,20] (comparing to the CPCs that have good compressive strength but are weak when placed under bending and/or tensile forces). However, the choice of such biomaterial requires proper investigation before being approved for use in clinical settings [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramedullary cement osteosynthesis (IMCO): A pilot study in sheep

Mirzasadeghi

Narayanan

et al. 2014

Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering

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The application of bone substitutes and cements has a long standing history in augmenting fractures as a complement to routine fracture fixation techniques. Nevertheless, such use is almost always in conjunction with definite means of fracture fixation such as intramedullary pins or bone plates. The idea of using biomaterials as the primary fixation bears the possibility of simultaneous fixation and bone enhancement. Intramedullary recruitment of bone cements is suggested in this study to achieve this goal. However, as the method needs primary testings in animal models before human implementation, and since the degree of ambulation is not predictable in animals, this pilot study only evaluates the outcomes regarding the feasibility and safety of this method in the presence of primary bone fixators. A number of two sheep were used in this study. Tibial transverse osteotomies were performed in both animals followed by external skeletal fixation. The medullary canals, which have already been prepared by removing the marrow through proximal and distal drill holes, were then injected with calcium phosphate cement (CPC). The outcomes were evaluated postoperatively by standard survey radiographs, morphology, histology and biomechanical testings. Healing processes appeared uncomplicated until week four where one bone fracture recurred due to external fixator failure. The results showed 56% and 48% cortical thickening, compared to the opposite site, in the fracture site and proximal and distal diaphyses respectively. This bone augmentative effect resulted in 264% increase in bending strength of the fracture site and 148% increase of the same value in the adjacent areas of diaphyses. In conclusion, IMCO, using CPC in tibia of sheep, is safe and biocompatible with bone physiology and healing. It possibly can carry the osteopromotive effect of the CPCs to provide a sustained source of bone augmentation throughout the diaphysis. Although the results must be considered preliminary, this method has possible advantages over conventional methods of bone fixation at least in bones with compromised quality (i.e. osteoporosis and bone cysts), where rigid metal implants may jeopardize eggshell cortices.

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“…According to the ISO Standard 10993‐12:2012 for medical devices 30, extracts of nanocomposites were prepared and impacts on different mammalian cells were investigated. Previously, the ISO Standard has been used for in vitro biocompatibility testing of various substances, such as polymers for orthopedic implants 31; silver NPs 32; or hydrophilic polymers 33 for wound dressing, denture materials 34, and bone cement 35. Because NPs or other toxic compounds could reach the respiratory tract, herein the effects on human lung epithelial A549 cells were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Resin Coatings and Their Toxicological Characterization

et al. 2016

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A process chain to produce and characterize nanoparticulate, hydrophobic resin coatings was investigated. The investigated process stain could be used for sanitary applications, for instance. Nanocomposites might have a potential risk to humans and the environment. Thus, not only the manufacturing process, but also the achievable product properties were examined. Toxicological investigations with regard to the nanoparticle sizes and solid contents used were performed by investigating the impact of the nanoparticles on lung (A549 cells) and liver (HepG2 cells) cells. Results included showed that by using modified alumina the product properties could be improved in terms of hydrophobicity and mechanical properties and that alumina particles were nontoxic. However, cell viability was slightly affected by the nanocomposite extracts, depending on the applied particle size and concentration in the nanocomposites.

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Material properties and in vitro biocompatibility of a newly developed bone cement

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Physical and mechanical characterization of a porous cement for metaphyseal bone repair

Physical and mechanical characterization of a porous cement for metaphyseal bone repair

Intramedullary cement osteosynthesis (IMCO): A pilot study in sheep

Surface and Mechanical Properties of Nanoparticulate Resin Coatings and Their Toxicological Characterization

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