Influence of the starting materials on performance of high temperature oxide fuel cells devices

Abstract

High temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an environmentally friendly technology to convert gaseous fuels such as hydrogen, natural gas or gasified coal into electricity at high efficiencies. Besides the efficiency, higher than those obtained from the traditional energy conversion systems, a fuel cell provides many other advantages like reliability, modularity, fuel flexibility and very low levels of NO x and SO x emissions. The high operating temperature (950-1000 °C) used by the current generation of the solid oxide fuel cells imposes severe constraints on materials selection in order to improve the lifetime of the cell. Besides the good electrical, electrochemical, mechanical and thermal properties, the individual cell components must be stable under the fuel cell operating atmospheres. Each material has to perform not only in its own right but also in conjunction with other system components. For this reason, each cell component must fulfill several different criteria. This paper reviews the materials and the methods used to fabricate the different cell components, such as the cathode, the electrolyte, the anode and the interconnect. Some remarkable results, obtained at IPEN (Nuclear Energy Research Institute) in São Paulo, have been presented.

Comportamento de sinterização do LaCrO3 dopado com Sr e Co

“…A identifi cação das fases secundárias é mostrada de forma detalhada na Fig. 2 [59]. A restrição à quantidade de cobalto adicionada ao LaCrO 3 deve-se ao fato de que este elemento incrementa muito o coefi ciente de expansão térmica do material, tornando-o inadequado para utilização como interconector de SOFC [27].…”

Cromito de lantânio: material para interconectores de células a combustível de óxido sólido - uma revisão

“…Por este motivo, o uso deste aditivo deve ser cuidadosamente quantificado. Composições LaCr 0,7 Co 0,3 O 3 apresentam elevados valores (99,1%) de densidade teórica quando sinterizadas a 1500 °C em ar [56].…”

Synthesis of Pr0.70Sr0.30MnO3δ and Nd0.70Sr0.30MnO3δ powders by solution-combustion technique

“…The manganite-based ceramics were synthesized by combustion reactions by employed Aldrich hydrate nitrate salts, Pr(NO 3 2 , used as fuel. Distilled water was used for the preparation of solutions.…”

“…They have demonstrated high-energy conversion efficiency, high power density, extremely low pollution, as well as flexibility with other hydrocarbon fuels (1)(2)(3) .…”

“…In addition, solution-combustion has been utilized for the synthesis of various oxide powders such as ferrites, chromites, manganites, Ni-YSZ cermet, zirconates, doped ceria, hexa-aluminates, pyrochlores, and oxide phosphors, among others (3,7) . An amino acid such as glycine is commonly used as fuel for the combustion process.…”