Ostwald ripening: an approach with dynamical systems

Abstract

This approach assumes three functions independently acting on a set of microparticles. The first one, w1, concerns re-distribution of mass to decrease the surface energy. The second one, w2, concerns re-distribution of mass to increase the entropy of the microparticle set. The third one, w3, is a further re-distribution of mass that vanishes a microparticle. Once vanished, its mass is distributed among its neighbors. w1 and w3 release energy, whereas w2 absorbs energy. Part of the energy released should be available to sustain w2. The action frequency of w1, w2, and w3, the amount of mass exchanged in each iteraction, the fraction of released energy available to sustain w2, and the size of a vanishing microparticle can be varied. As the dynamical system formed by w1, w2, and w3 act on an initial microparticle set, it is observed an evolution resembling the Ostwald ripening concerning steady-state size distribution and microparticle growth.

ZnS micro-spheres and flowers: Chemically controlled synthesis and template use in fabricating MS(shell)/ZnS(core) and MS (M = Pb, Cu) hollow microspheres

“…As time prolongs, the primary formed disordered particles grew into bigger homogeneous microspheres with particle-coated surface. This can be considered as the resultant from the process of dissolving and re-growing of small ZnS particles according to "Oswald-ripening" [22]. Fig.…”

Synergetic effect of Sn addition and oxygen-deficient atmosphere to fabricate active hematite photoelectrodes for light-induced water splitting

“…In this case, precursor consumption should be very fast compared to conventional heating sources. Once the synthesis starts, the dynamic process that governs the system is similar to Ostwald ripening [56,57], where the interaction among different particle sizes will create a growth process in which the largest particles grow by consuming the smallest ones. Based on these arguments, the higher photoelectrode thickness values of AH1 followed by a reduction for the subsequent synthesis times (AH2-AH3) due to the dissolution process, since the overall source of reagents was consumed in the first primary hour, are totally coherent.…”

Self-Assembly of Novel Mesoporous Manganese Oxide Nanostructures and Their Application in Oxidative Decomposition of Formaldehyde

“…36 Thus, the thickness of the platelet and the size and morphology of nanospheres are dependent on the redox reaction time. 37 Another interesting observation was that the lamellar platelets initially looked very soft and foldable. In fact, such softness has recently been discussed on the nanometer scale in a review article.…”

“…36 Thus, the thickness of the platelet and the size and morphology of nanospheres are dependent on the redox reaction time. 37 Another interesting observation was that the lamellar platelets The effect of the molar ratio of KMnO 4 /OA on the size and morphology of K x -MnO 2 nanospheres was also studied. Figure 5a shows a TEM image of product obtained with a KMnO 4 /OA molar ratio of 1:10.…”