Estrutura populacional e incremento corrente anual de casca-de-anta (Drimys brasiliensis Miers - Winteraceae) em Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMO:Drimys brasiliensis Miers, conhecida como cataia ou casca-de-anta, é árvore nativa da Mata Atlântica e as cascas tem sido utilizadas medicinalmente a partir da exploração de plantas em populações naturais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a demografia de duas populações naturais de D. brasiliensis, (1) Reserva Genética Florestal de Caçador (RGFC) e (2) Floresta Nacional de Caçador (FLONA), ambas no município de Caçador (SC), visando fundamentar estratégias de exploração sustentável e conservação deste recurso florestal não-madeireiro. A maior luminosidade no sub-bosque existente na FLONA atuou positivamente na espécie, aumentado a capacidade de incremento em diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), altura (H) e área basal (AB), além de antecipar a reprodução em plantas de menor porte. A análise do padrão espacial das plantas reprodutivas na RGFC mostrou padrão agregado, e na FLONA até a distância de 25 metros. Esse comportamento indicou que a espécie apresenta potencial de manejo em florestas secundárias, formação sucessional em que se encontra a maioria dos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, além de indicar potencial para cultivo em sistemas agroflorestais. Palavras-chave: Drimys brasiliensis, demografia, exploração de cascasABSTRACT: Population structure and annual increment in "casca-de-anta" (Drimys brasiliensis Miers -Winteraceae) from Caçador Municipality, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Known as "cataia" or "casca-de-anta", Drimys brasiliensis Miers is a tree native to the Atlantic Forest and its barks have been medicinally used by exploring natural populations. The present work aimed to study the demography of two D. brasiliensis natural populations, (1) Caçador Forest Genetic Reserve (RGFC) and (2) Caçador National Forest (FLONA), both located in Caçador Municipality, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in order to establish strategies for sustainable exploration and conservation of such non-timber forest resource. The higher luminosity in FLONA understory was beneficial to the species by increasing their increment capability regarding diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H) and basal area (BA), and made the reproduction in smaller plants earlier.The spatial analysis of reproductive plants in RGFC had an aggregate pattern, whereas in FLONA until 25m distance was detected. Such results indicated that this species presents potential for management in secondary forests, the successional formation where the major Atlantic Forest remnants are found, as well as potential for cultivation in agroforestry systems.

Bark Harvesting Systems of Drimys brasiliensis Miers in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

“…With regard to phenological pattern and the increments in DBH and total height (Mariot 2010), in the four years studied, none of the treatments differed significantly from the control, meaning that the harvesting of bark did not modify the growth of the species nor the rate of reproduction in any conditions studied.…”

“…The CNF study area presents a natural population under an Araucaria angustifolia plantation established in 1958, and the FF study area is used for cattle farming and harvesting of non-timber forest products such as firewood and seed, honey production, and the exploitation of Ilex paraguariensis for tea. Demographic aspects of this area can be found in Mariot et al (2010).…”

“…Based on Mariot et al (2010), data for comparisons of bark productivity between CNF and Caçador Genetic Forest Reserve (FGPC) (26°51'0,81''S; 50°57'58,12''W), an area of primary forest in the Araucaria Forest, were used. One Plot of 1 hectare in both CNF and FGPC was created and evaluated, considering all D. brasiliensis plants within the plot.…”

“…ALEXANDRE MARIOT, ADELAR MANTOVANI and MAURÍCIO S. DOS REIS BARK PRODUCTION Using data from Mariot et al (2010) (Figure 6) we calculated the bark production of D. brasiliensis per hectare in the CNF and in the FGPC. A regression equation based on the results of the experiments of bark production was estimated, considering the increased thickness of the bark due to the increase of the plant's DBH.…”

“…Studies conducted in different environments, such as the understory of Araucaria angustifolia plantations and in a primary Araucaria Forest, found a stem density of 105 and 31 (for DBH > 5 cm) respectively for D. brasiliensis with an inverse J-shaped size class distribution (Mariot et al 2010). In the study conducted in the primary Araucaria Forest the authors found a strong spatial structure.…”