Organizational design for institutional change: the case of MPB festivals, 1960 to 1968

Abstract

A central concern in neo-institutional research is the genesis of new organizational fields. This article explores the emergence of the MPB (Brazilian Popular Music) field in tandem with the organization of music festivals in the sixties. The festivals were instrumental in combining musicians, critics and the audience in a forum relatively buffered from the music industry influence. This interaction supported the introduction and diffusion of new influences in the popular music field, and at the same time, it consecrated the category MPB as a high-brow art form. The festivals' design provoked two unintended consequences: the conflict between musicians and the audience, and between musicians and the jury. While several musicians strived to conquer autonomy for their creative activity, the audience claimed its supremacy. As a result, musicians exerted pressure on the jury to buffer the aesthetical criteria from the audience. It concludes with a critical appraisal of the role of festivals in the evolution of the MPB field.

Inovação social e empreendedorismo institucional: a ação da Ong "Ação Educativa" no campo educacional da cidade de São Paulo

“…Esse esforço foi, frequentemente, recebido com resistência por parte de professores e dirigentes das escolas. Em contraste com campos em recém-formação (LAWRENCE, PHILLIPS, 2004;KIRSCHBAUM, 2006), campos maduros tendem a apresentar resistência ao empreendedorismo institucional (GREENWOOD, SUDDABY, 2006). Nesses casos, é comum observar que empreendedores institucionais são levados a criar sistemas paralelos, fracamente acoplados (loosely coupled) para que suas iniciativas possam vicejar com um grau de resistência diminuido (PADGETT, ANSELL, 1993).…”