Genetic diversity of Toll-like receptor 5 among pig populations

Yang, Xiuqin; Li, Haitao; Qing-zhi, Guan; Liu, Di

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572013005000004

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Some non-synonymous polymorphisms within the coding sequence of human TLR5 affect its signaling capacity and human disease susceptibility 52 , 53 . Sequence polymorphisms in tlr5 and associated changes in functionality have been identified within various animal species 54 – 57 . Several non-synonymous polymorphisms in both the ECD or the ICD were described to attenuate TLR5 responses towards flagellin, demonstrated for both porcine (polymorphisms R148L and P402L) 56 and canine TLR5 (polymorphisms C100T and T1844C) 55 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional expression of TLR5 of different vertebrate species and diversification in intestinal pathogen recognition

Faber

Tedin

Speidel

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is activated by bacterial flagellins and plays a crucial role in the first-line defence against pathogenic bacteria and in immune homeostasis, and is highly conserved in vertebrate species. However, little comparative information is available on TLR5 functionality. In this study, we compared TLR5 activation using full-length and chimeric TLR5 of various vertebrate species (human, chicken, mouse, pig, cattle). Chimeric TLR5 receptors, consisting of human transmembrane and intracellular domains, linked to extracellular domains of animal origin, were generated and expressed. The comparison of chimeric TLR5s and their full-length counterparts revealed significant functional disparities. While porcine and chicken full-length TLR5s showed a strongly reduced functionality in human cells, all chimeric receptors were functional when challenged with TLR5 ligand Salmonella FliC. Using chimeric receptors as a tool allowed for the identification of ectodomain-dependent activation potential and partially host species-specific differences in response to various enteric bacterial strains and their purified flagellins. We conclude that both the extra- and intracellular determinants of TLR5 receptors are crucial for compatibility with the species expression background and hence for proper receptor functionality. TLR5 receptors with a common intracellular domain provide a useful system to investigate bacteria- and host-specific differences in receptor activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional expression of TLR5 of different vertebrate species and diversification in intestinal pathogen recognition

Faber

Tedin

Speidel

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In addition, three missense mutations were identified in the extracellular domain with one of them shown to be important for flagellin recognition. SNPs have implications in various human diseases and although this relation has not be described for swine so far, analysis of polymorphism may provide a useful tool in the selection of disease-resistant animals in future (Yang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Toll-like Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The porcine innate immune system: An update

Mair

Sedlak

Käser

et al. 2014

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

193

157

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Over the last few years, we have seen an increasing interest and demand for pigs in biomedical research. Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) are closely related to humans in terms of their anatomy, genetics, and physiology, and often are the model of choice for the assessment of novel vaccines and therapeutics in a preclinical stage. However, the pig as a model has much more to offer, and can serve as a model for many biomedical applications including aging research, medical imaging, and pharmaceutical studies to name a few. In this review, we will provide an overview of the innate immune system in pigs, describe its anatomical and physiological key features, and discuss the key players involved. In particular, we compare the porcine innate immune system to that of humans, and emphasize on the importance of the pig as model for human disease.

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“…Dominguez et al [20] identified one indel variant in the predicted TLR5 promoter sequence, which contributed to an additional STAT binding site and an increase in promoter activity. Compared with Western breeds, Chinese domestic pig breeds have higher genetic diversity and more haplotypes [21]. In this study, TLR5 and the Toll-like signaling pathway were determined by transcriptome analysis of E. coli F18-resistant and -sensitive weaned Sutai piglets (Meishan × Duroc).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and Molecular Mechanism of TLR5 on Resistance to Escherichia coli F18 in Weaned Piglets

Dai

Jin

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryPiglet diarrhea is the most common type of disease on many large-scale pig farms, where it causes serious economic losses. Abuses of vaccines and veterinary medicine are very common, which not only lead to the emergence and prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria, but also to a decline in the quality of livestock products and economic benefits. Therefore, improving the resistance of piglets to diarrhea by genetic means is a common goal of modern breeding scientists. This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism of regulating piglet diarrhea via the important candidate gene TLR5 from the perspective of epigenetic factors.AbstractToll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) plays an important role in immune system. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of the duodenum in E. coli F18-resistant and -sensitive Sutai weaned piglets and analyzed the differential expression of TLR5. The cellular localization of TLR5 was investigated, and the effect of TLR5 expression on E. coli invasion was evaluated after pig small intestinal epithelial cell lines (IPEC-J2) were stimulated by E. coli. The results showed that TLR5 expression level in duodenum and jejunum were significantly higher in E. coli F18-sensitive than in E. coli F18-resistant piglets. TLR5 protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The expression of genes associated with the TLR5 signaling pathway were significantly higher in TLR5-overexpressed cells than in control cells. Bacterial adhesion was higher in TLR5-overexpressed cells than in blank cells and lower in TLR5 interference than in blank cells. The core promoter region of TLR5 included two CpG islands and 16 acting elements. The methylation of the mC-6 site in the second CpG island of the promoter region had a regulatory effect on TLR5 expression. Therefore, TLR5 plays an important regulatory role on E. coli invasion. Low expression of TLR5 inhibited the immune response and decreased cell damage, which was conducive to the resistance to E. coli stimulation. In conclusion, this study preliminarily revealed the molecular mechanism of TLR5 gene regulating the resistance of piglets to Escherichia coli, and provided a new candidate gene for screening Escherichia coli resistance markers in pigs.

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Genetic diversity of Toll-like receptor 5 among pig populations

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Functional expression of TLR5 of different vertebrate species and diversification in intestinal pathogen recognition

Functional expression of TLR5 of different vertebrate species and diversification in intestinal pathogen recognition

The porcine innate immune system: An update

Regulation and Molecular Mechanism of TLR5 on Resistance to Escherichia coli F18 in Weaned Piglets

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