Allele frequency distributions of six hypervariable loci (D1S80, APOB, D4S43, vW1, F13A and DYS19) in two African-Brazilian communities from the Amazon region

Vallinoto, Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres; Vallinoto, Antônio Carlos Rosário; Valente, Cristina; Guerreiro, João Farias

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572003000300003

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Despite this change, in comparing our results with other studies of Brazilian African descendants (ArpiniSampaio et al, 1999;Bortolini et al, 1999;Vallinoto et al, 2003), we found that Marinhos and Sítio Velho (Piauí state) are the communities sampled to date with the largest African ancestry (0.68 and 0.72, respectively). These communities therefore represent good samples for further research on the African component of Brazilians.…”

Section: Admixture Analysessupporting

confidence: 52%

Brief communication: Admixture analysis with forensic microsatellites in Minas Gerais, Brazil: The ongoing evolution of the capital and of an African‐derived community

Scliar

Vaintraub²,

Vaintraub³

et al. 2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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We report the estimated allele frequencies for 13 and 14 microsatellite loci in two populations of Minas Gerais, Brazil as follows: Belo Horizonte (the capital) and Marinhos (an African-derived community). Analysis of the African, Amerindian, and European genetic contributions to both populations, together with historical information, revealed distinct differences between the two populations. Estimates for Belo Horizonte revealed a higher-European (66%) than African (32%) contribution, and a minimal Amerindian contribution. These results are consistent with the peopling of the city mainly by people from the Minas Gerais hinterland, a people highly admixed but with more European ancestry. Estimates for Marinhos confirmed the high-African component of the population. However, a temporal analysis of two datasets-CURRENT (representing the population living in Marinhos today) and ORIGINAL (representing families, who have lived in Marinhos since the onset of the 20th century),-identified a diminishing of the population's African ancestry from 92% in the ORIGINAL group to 67% in the CURRENT group. This change is here interpreted as a consequence of the growing migration into the village of people with more European ancestry and subsequent admixture with the local population.

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Section: Admixture Analysessupporting

confidence: 52%

Brief communication: Admixture analysis with forensic microsatellites in Minas Gerais, Brazil: The ongoing evolution of the capital and of an African‐derived community

Scliar

Vaintraub²,

Vaintraub³

et al. 2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…In Brazil, various studies have been conducted on Afro-derived groups in an attempt to estimate the contribution of parental populations to the formation of these populations, using classic genetic polymorphisms (Bortolini et al 1995;Arpini-Sampaio et al 1999;Guerreiro et al 1999), polymorphisms of nuclear DNA Silva Jr. et al 1999;Cayres-Vallinoto et al 2003); mitochondrial DNA markers Ribeiro-dos-Santos et al 2002;Carvalho et al 2008) and Y chromosome markers Kiyoko et al 2004). …”

Section: Afro-derived Amazonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afro-Derived Amazonian Populations: Inferring Continental Ancestry and Population Substructure

et al. 2011

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A panel of Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs) was used to identify population substructure and estimate individual and overall interethnic admixture in 294 individuals from seven African-derived communities of the Brazilian Amazon. A panel of 48 biallelic markers, representing the insertion (IN) or the deletion (DEL) of small DNA fragments, was employed for this purpose. Overall interethnic admixture estimates showed high miscegenation with other ethnic groups in all populations (between 46% and 64%). The proportion of ancestral genes varied significantly among individuals of the sample: the contribution of African genes varied between 12% and 75%; of European genes between 10% and 73%; and of Amerindians genes between 8% and 66%. The obtained data reveal a high contribution of Amerindian genes in these communities, unlike in other African-derived communities of the Northeast and the South of Brazil. In addition, the majority of the Amerindian contribution may result from the preferential inclusion of indigenous women in the African descent groups. High heterogeneity of the proportion of interethnic admixture among analyzed individuals was found when the proportion of ancestral genes of each individual of the sample was estimated. This heterogeneity is reflected in the fact that four populations can be considered as substructured and that the global African descent sample is possibly formed by two subpopulations. 46% and 64%). The proportion of ancestral genes varied significantly among individuals of the sample: the contribution of African genes varied between 12% and 75%; of European genes between 10% and 73%; and of Amerindians genes between 8% and 66%. The obtained data reveal a high contribution of Amerindian genes in these communities, unlike in other African-derived communities of the Northeast and the South of Brazil. In addition, the majority of the Amerindian contribution may result from the preferential inclusion of indigenous women in the African descent groups. High heterogeneity of the proportion of interethnic admixture among analyzed individuals was found when the proportion of ancestral genes of each individual of the sample was estimated. This heterogeneity is reflected in the fact that four populations can be considered as substructured and that the global African descent sample is possibly formed by two subpopulations. Keywords AMAZON, AIM, AFRICAN DESCENT, INDEL, POPULATION SUBSTRUCTUREThe Brazilian population is the product of the miscegenation of three main ethnic groups: Amerindians, Europeans, and Africans. It is estimated that approximately four million Africans were brought by force to Brazil as slaves between 1550 and 1870 (Klein 1986). The distinct geographical regions of Brazil received different numbers of African slaves, being greater in the Northeast and lower in the North (Santos and Guerreiro 1995). The arrival of African slaves to the Amazon began in the mid-17th century (1750). It is estimated that at least 53,000 Africans arrived in the Brazilian Amazon during the ...

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“…Large efforts have been employed to utilize ancestry informative markers (AIMs) consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which vary significantly in frequency among putative parental populations. These AIMs have aided in understanding the dynamics of admixture within recently admixed populations, such as some Central and South American populations (Bortolini et al 1999; Bravi et al 1997; Da Silva et al 1999; Rodas, 2003; Sans et al 2002; Saul et al 2004; Vallinoto et al 2003; Seldin et al 2006), Hispanic North Americans (Bertoni et al 2003; Bonilla et al 2004a, 2004b; Choudhry et al 2006; Martinez‐Marignac et al 2006; Salari et al 2005), and African Americans (Collins‐Schramm et al 2003; Parra et al 1998, 2001; Seldin et al 2004; Tian et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Admixture and Population Stratification in African Caribbean Populations

Torres

Bonilla

Robbins

et al. 2008

Annals of Human Genetics

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SummaryThroughout biomedical research, there is growing interest in the use of ancestry informative markers (AIMs) to deconstruct racial categories into useful variables. Studies on recently admixed populations have shown significant population substructure due to differences in individual ancestry; however, few studies have examined Caribbean populations. Here we used a panel of 28 AIMs to examine the genetic ancestry of 298 individuals of African descent from the Caribbean islands of Jamaica, St. Thomas and Barbados. Differences in global admixture were observed, with Barbados having the highest level of West African ancestry (89.6% ± 2.0) and the lowest levels of European (10.2% ± 2.2) and Native American ancestry (0.2% ± 2.0), while Jamaica possessed the highest levels of European (12.4% ± 3.5) and Native American ancestry (3.2% ± 3.1). St. Thomas, USVI had ancestry levels quite similar to African Americans in continental U.S. (86.8% ± 2.2 West African, 10.6% ± 2.3 European, and 2.6% ± 2.1 Native American). Significant substructure was observed in the islands of Jamaica and St. Thomas but not Barbados (K=1), indicating that differences in population substructure exist across these three Caribbean islands. These differences likely stem from diverse colonial and historical experiences, and subsequent evolutionary processes. Most importantly, these differences may have significant ramifications for case-control studies of complex disease in Caribbean populations.

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Allele frequency distributions of six hypervariable loci (D1S80, APOB, D4S43, vW1, F13A and DYS19) in two African-Brazilian communities from the Amazon region

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Brief communication: Admixture analysis with forensic microsatellites in Minas Gerais, Brazil: The ongoing evolution of the capital and of an African‐derived community

Brief communication: Admixture analysis with forensic microsatellites in Minas Gerais, Brazil: The ongoing evolution of the capital and of an African‐derived community

Afro-Derived Amazonian Populations: Inferring Continental Ancestry and Population Substructure

Admixture and Population Stratification in African Caribbean Populations

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