Induction of somatic embryogenesis in soybean: physicochemical factors influencing the development of somatic embryos

Abstract

The embryogenic capability of five soybean cultivars (Renascença, IAS-5, IAC-17, BR-16 and FT-Cometa) was studied at different auxin concentrations (8, 10 and 12 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid, NAA), at different pHs (5.8 and 7.0) and at low (8-12 muEm-2 s-1) and high (27-33 mEm-2 s-1) light intensities. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. Immature cotyledons 4-6 mm in length were placed in the six induction mediums evaluated and submitted to two light intensities. Twenty immature cotyledons per cultivar were placed on each Petri dish, which was considered to be one replication. The number of somatic embryos per treatment per replication was counted. The results showed genotype influence on somatic embryogenic capability of each cultivar, with the most embryogenic cultivars being BR-16, FT-Cometa and IAS-5. Auxin concentration and pH value also influenced somatic embryo production, with 10 mg/l NAA being the best auxin concentration and 7.0 the best pH value. The interactions cultivar x auxin, auxin x pH and pH x light were significant, while other double interactions were not. All triple and quadruple interactions were significant, except cultivar x pH x light. No significant differences in somatic embryo production were observed in medium with different pHs or when the Petri dishes containing immature cotyledons were exposed to the two light intensities evaluated. However, a higher number of somatic embryos was produced when the medium pH was adjusted to 7.0.

Genotype and plant growth regulator-dependent response of somatic embryogenesis from Gentiana spp. leaf explants

“…(Chavez et al 1992), Rosa sp. (Kintzios et al 1999), Glycine max (Bonacin et al 2000), Feijoa sellowiana (Guerra et al 2001), and Carthamus tinctorius (Mandal et al 2001). In our work, among five investigated gentians, only G. lutea cultures did not undergo somatic embryogenesis.…”

Short communication. Micropropagation of two Pakistani soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars from cotyledon nodes

“…Reviews of previous studies show genotype, explant, age of explant, combination and concentration of plant growth regulators affect regeneration from in vitro cultures of soybean. Tissue culture has been reported using immature cotyledons (Lippmann and Lippmann, 1984;Li et al, 1985;Parrott et al, 1988;Santarem et al, 1997;Bonacin et al, 2000;Ko and Korban, 2004), hypocotyls and ovaries (Beversdorf and Bingham, 1977), primary leaf tissues (Wright et al, 1987;Droste et al, 1993), hypocotyls and epicotyl (Rajasekaran and Pellow, 1997;Reichert et al, 2003) and cotyledonary nodes of few days germinated seedlings (Christianson et al, 1983;Wright et al, 1986). Similarly, Cheng et al (1980) were able to get multiple shoot bud formation from cotyledonary nodes on medium containing high concentrations of 6-benzylamino purine (BAP) but bud growth improved when the cultures were transferred to low concentrations of BAP.…”

Development of soybean somatic embryos under different light spectra

“…No significant dif fe rences in somatic embryo production were observed de pen ding on the light intensity. The interactions light × pH, auxin × pH, and cultivar × pH were significant for ebryo genesis (Bonacin et al 2000).…”

“…According to the results, the effect of different light spectra on plant growth was cultivar-speci fic, and red-blue light either did not influence plant development, or resulted in total plant biomass and seed number decrease, compared to the plants grown under white LEDs (Ushakova et al 2016). Bonacin et al (2000) studied the embryogenic capability of five soybean cultivars (Renascença, IAS-5, IAC-17, BR-16, and FT-Cometa) at different light intensity, auxin con centra tions, and medium pH. The results showed the influence of genotype on somatic embryogenic capability of each cul tivar; three cultivars appeared to be more embryogenic, than others (BR-16, FT-Cometa and IAS-5).…”