Determinação de épocas de semeadura do feijão caupi no Recôncavo Baiano através do modelo CROPGRO

Abstract

Neste estudo objetivou-se simular épocas de semeadura para o feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.) em Cruz das Almas, no Recôncavo Baiano, através do modelo CROPGRO-cowpea, calibrado e validado por meio de conjunto de dados provenientes de experimentos de campo. Dois cenários foram elaborados, os quais são: produtividade atingível (com irrigação automática quando requerido) e atual (sequeiro), enquanto para cada cenário foram executadas 12 simulações, sendo uma por mês (início 15 de janeiro e fim em 15 de dezembro), com base nos vinte anos de dados climáticos históricos provenientes da estação automática da Embrapa CNPMF. O modelo simulou satisfatoriamente a produção do feijão caupi nas condições de Cruz das Almas demonstrando sensibilidade às variações climáticas inter e intra-anuais apontando, como mais propícias para a semeadura, as épocas compreendidas entre meados de junho e de julho devido ao fato de apresentarem menor risco de quebra de produtividade.

Performance of the AquaCrop model in the climate risk analysis and yield prediction of cowpea (Vigna Unguiculatta L. Walp)

“…The yield simulations results demonstrate that PRP represents the true limiting factor for its production in the study region. This fact has been evidenced several times in studies in the north (Farias et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2017), northeast (Lima Filho et al, 2013;Fernandes et al, 2015) and midwest (Oliveira et al, 2012) which lead to the climatic risks of agricultural production in Brazil.…”

“…The relationship between AY and PY, also called average yield decrease (YD, %) with an acceptable value of 20 % of PY (Lima Filho et al, 2013), was also analyzed in Castanhal. The YD was lower than 18 % (PY loss of 290 kg ha -1 ) over the period from January 1st to June 1st, in more than 95 % of the simulations (Fig.…”

“…For example, in the sowing of July 20th, the value reached 45 % (loss of 724 kg ha -1 of PY) and on December 1st, the value reached 58 % of YD (loss of 934 kg ha -1 of PY), which are high in response to the water deficit occurred during the vegetative and/or reproductive phase. The dates after the graphs were not analyzed, because as the dry period of the region begins, the YD is quite high, since there is no way to establish the cowpea (Table 2) and produce high yields due to lack of water in this period, as observed by Lima Filho et al (2013) and by Souza et al (2017). The AquaCrop model was sensitive to the environmental variations of Castanhal, even in the YD < 20 % period (January 1st to June 1st) there was a great variation in the probability of reaching high yields of the cowpea (Y > 1300 kg ha -1 ) (Fig.…”

“…All this combined with the lack of knowledge about the weather and the increase in the probability of greater climatic adversity have worried grain producers and researchers in the area, because studies show that interannual climatic variabilities tend to increase causing disturbances in the world agricultural context (Ray et al, 2015). Thus, tools capable of assisting the best choice of strategies to be adopted in planting and harvesting can be a great solution to anticipate and reduce risks quickly and maximize yields (Lima Filho et al, 2013). Currently, there are crop models (CERES, CROPGRO) that are able to simulate the development of a crop according to the local edaphoclimatic conditions, crop characteristics, soil characteristics, management adopted and as well as assist in management and planning of practices to be used (Sentelhas et al, 2015).…”

Physiological and vegetative behavior of banana cultivars under irrigation water salinity

“…The study was carried out in the experimental field of Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical in the municipality of Cruz das Almas, BA,Brazil (12° 40' 19" S,39° 06' 23" W; 225 m of altitude). The climate of the region is classified as humid to sub-humid, with annual average air relative humidity and air temperature of 80% and 24 °C, respectively, and average annual rainfall of 1.170 mm, with variation between 900 and 1.300 mm (Lima Filho et al, 2013) in a sandy clay loam soil, whose chemical and physico-hydraulic attributes are presented in Table 1.…”