Deslocamento miscível de nitrato e fosfato proveniente de água residuária da suinocultura em colunas de solo

Abstract

RESUMOA fertirrigação com águas residuárias da suinocultura vem sendo muito difundida no País, principalmente na região sul do Brasil, entretanto, o alto potencial poluidor dos dejetos pode tornar-se uma ameaça de contaminação de solos e águas superficiais e subterrâneas se utilizados em quantidades excessivas. Neste trabalho o objetivo principal foi avaliar o processo de lixiviação de íons nitrato e fosfato em colunas de solo, obtendo-se os coeficientes de dispersão hidrodinâmico e o fator de retardamento para a determinação do potencial de contaminação dos lençóis de água subterrâneos. Verificou-se, ainda, o efeito da aplicação de águas residuárias da suinocultura tratada com reatores anaeróbios sobre as propriedades físico-químicas do solo, cujos resultados indicaram que o potencial de contaminação dos lençóis de água subterrâneos pelo íon nitrato é elevado, ao contrário do que ocorre com o íon fosfato, que apresentou baixo potencial de contaminação em função da sua alta reatividade. Palavras-chave: movimento de íons, fertirrigação, contaminação do soloMiscible displacement of nitrate and phosphate from swine wastewater in soil columns ABSTRACTFertigation with wastewater from swine is very much used, mainly in the southern region of Brazil. However, the high polluting potential of these wastewaters represents a threat of soil contamination of surface and underground waters if used in excessive amounts. The objective of this work was to evaluate the leaching process of nitrate and phosphate ions in soil columns, getting the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient and factor of retardation and potential of contamination of underground water. The effect of wastewater application on physical and chemical properties of the soil was verified.The results showed that the potential for contamination of underground water by nitrate ions is high, in contrast to what occurs with phosphate ions that presented low potential of contamination due to their high reactivity.

Swine wastewater associated with mineral fertilization on corn crop (Zea mays)

“…These results corroborate to those exposed by ANAMI et al (2008), MAGGI et al (2011 and MENEGHETTI (2010), who found a higher potassium concentration in the leachate in treatments with larger SWW amounts, which justifies this result by the high concentration of this element in such effluent. Moreover, according MAGGI et al (2011), the result is also found linked to the fact that K + is a movable element in soil and is subjected to leaching.…”

Changes in soil acidity and organic carbon in a sandy typic hapludalf after medium-term pig-slurry and deep-litter application

“…However, in all layers, the soil water pH was highest in treatment DL 180, showing that this material raises the soil pH. Animal manure, as for example swine deeplitter, which is solid and has a greater percentage of dry matter than pig slurry (Table 1), is likely to have greater contents of carbonate, promoting the consumption of H + after being dissolved in the soil, which is reflected in an increase of water pH (Whalen et al, 2000;Anami et al, 2008). In addition, the increase in water pH may be associated to the increase in the content of TOC in the soil to a depth of 30 cm, which stimulates H + adsorption, therefore raising the water pH (Hue & Licudine, 1999;Lourenzi et al, 2011).…”

Relationships between Agriculture, Riparian Vegetation, and Surface Water Quality in Watersheds

“…Repeated application of large volumes of PS may lead to accumulation of C, N, and P in soils (Angers et al, 2010;Lourenzi et al, 2013), posing an increased risk of contaminated runoff reaching watercourses or the water table (Anami et al, 2008). A potential consequence of contaminated surface waters is eutrophication, caused by high concentrations of P and N, which compromises drinking water sources required by both humans and livestock (Sharpley et al, 1995;2003).…”