Acute HIV infection with rapid progression to AIDS

Abstract

We declare no confl ict of interest. ABSTRACTAcute HIV infection is rarely recognized as the signs and symptoms are normally unspecifi c and can persist for days or weeks. The normal HIV course is characterized by a progressive loss of CD4+ cells, which normally leads to severe immunodefi ciency after a variable time interval. The mean time from initial infection to development of clinical AIDS is approximately 8-10 years, but it is variable among individuals and depends on a complex interaction between virus and host. Here we describe an extraordinary case of a man who developed Pneumocisits jiroveci pneumonia within one month after sexual exposure to HIV-1, and then presented with 3 consecutive CD4 counts bellow 200 cells/mm 3 within 3 months, with no other opportunistic disease. Although antiretroviral therapy (AZT+3TC+ATZ/r) was started, with full adherence of the patient, and genotyping indicating no primary antiretroviral resistance mutations, he required more than six months to have a CD4 restoration to levels above 200 cells/mm 3 and 10 months to HIV-RNA to become undetectable.

A Case of Kaposi’s Sarcoma during Primary HIV-1 Infection

“…The natural history of HIV-1 infection varies widely between patients and may be affected by viral and/or host factors. Rapid progression to AIDS shortly after PHI has been described previously, 6,7 including a case of KS diagnosed 24 months after PHI. 8 Our patient was symptomatic during PHI, which is a strong predictor of AIDS progression.…”

High MIP-1β Levels in Plasma Predict Long-Term Immunological Nonresponse to Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infection

“…The rate of HIV disease progression is highly variable between individuals, and while the median time to development of AIDS is around ten years [60,61], some patients have reached this stage within months of being infected [62]. In contrast, a small minority of so-called long-term non-progressors maintain high CD4 counts and remain AIDS-free for more than a decade of infection [63].…”

In vitro transcription of HIV-1 RNA for standard RNA

“…7 The quantitative assays are important tests for predicting the course of HIV-1 infection and are very useful in management of patients with HIV/AIDS. [3][4][5]8 Our objective in this study was to optimize the reaction of the HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA.…”