Evaluation of produced water toxicity from an oil maritime terminal through Skeletonema costatum toxicity tests

Abstract

. Abstract: The liquid eftluent from an oil maritime terminal, with produced water as the main component, had its toxicity evaluated through toxicity tests with the diatom Skeletonema costatum. Two previously treated eftluent samples (eftluents A and B), were provided by PETROBRAS for the experiments. Both samples presented high salinity (67%0for eftluent A and 62%0for eftluent B) and low pH values (6.2), whereas total sulphide, phenol and nutrient content, dissolvedldispersed petroleum hydrocarbon concentration, BOD and COD values were quite different from each other. During the toxicity experiment, three replicate flasks with samples for each treatment were exposed to a light radiation of 266).tEm-2S-Iand maintained under a 10 h/l4 h light/dark cycle, at a temperature of 24 :t 2°C. The ECSOvalues could not be accurately estimated for eftluent A: 60 h and 132 h afier starting the experiment they were below 3% and between 3-6% eftluent concentration, respectively. Synergistic effects between eftluent toxicity and salinity on the growth of S. costatum were detected. The eftluent B showed higher toxicity: the ECSOvalues were 0.17% and 0.40% of eftluent concentrations, afier 48 h and 96 h, respectively. These results evidenced the deleterious effects of residual organic compounds contained in the aqueous eftluents from the oil terminal under the present pretreatment on S. costatum. ln the light of the present data, the direct disposal of these eftluents into São Sebastião Channel waters might be very hazardous to its indigenous biota.. Resumo: A toxicidade do efluente líquido do "Outos e Terminais Centro-Oeste São Paulo" (OTCS)terminal marítimo de petróleo da PETROBRAS, em São Sebastião (SP, Brasil), cujo principal componente é a água de produção, foi avaliada através de testes de toxicidade com a diatomácea Skeletonema costatum. Amostras de dois efluentes (A e B), previamente tratados pela PETROBRAS, foram utilizadas nos experimentos. As duas amostras apresentaram alta salinidade (A=67%0;B=62%0)e baixo valor de pH (6,2), enquanto que as suas concentrações de sulfetos, fenóis e hidrocarbonetos de petróleo dissolvidos/dispersos, bem como os seus valores de OBO e OQO, foram bastante distintos. Nos experimentos de toxicidade, os frascos experimentais, em triplicata, para cada tratamento foram expostos à radiação luminosa fluorescente de 266 Ilm-2S-I e mantidas em um ciclo luz/escuro de 10 h/l4 h, a uma temperatura de 24 :t 2°C. Os valores de CEso não puderam ser determinados com precisão para o efluente A: após 60 h e 132 h do início dos experimentos esses valores estavam abaixo de 3% e entre 3-6% da concentração de efluente, respectivamente. Foi observado sinergismo entre a toxicidade e a salinidade do efluente sobre o crescimento de S. costatum. O efluente B apresentou uma toxicidade mais elevada: os valores de CEso foram 0,17% e 0,40% da concentração do efluente, após 48 h e 96 h, respectivamente. Estes resultados evidenciaram claramente os efeitos deletérios dos compostos orgânicos residuais contidos no efluente l...

Response of marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Prorocentrum cordatum and Gyrodinium fissum to complex pollution of Sevastopol bays (Black Sea)

“…Based on our data and the already published results (Markina & Aizdaicher 2014) for P. tricornutum, as well as studies on inhibiting impacts of marine coastal waters to the diatom S. costatum (see Aidar et al 1999;Chinedu et al 2019), it is possible to suggest that the small-celled diatom species are most sensitive to the polluted waters. One of the main reasons for elevated sensitivity of these algae is conditioned by the fact that they have a large specific surface area (0.8-0.9 µm -1 ), which provides maximum contact with the external environment, and, high absorption rate of substances dissolved in seawater, including toxic elements.…”

“…The current utilization of that is not sufficient however and the number of the tested species is not great. Two species of diatoms are most commonly used Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin , (Markina & Aizdaicher 2014;Dos Santos et al 2002) and Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve (Aidar et al 1999;Chinedu et al 2019) and these are widespread in the World Ocean and relatively easy cultivated.…”

Using an Electrochemical MIP Sensor for Selective Determination of 1‐Naphthol in Oilfield Produced Water

“…The wastewater produced in this process is referred to as oilfield produced water (OPW). The content of OPW is regulated by environmental legislations and guidelines established by environmental agencies and regulatory bodies at both national and international levels due to the hazardous substances it contains which pose health and environmental risks [2].…”

Acute Toxicity of Tilapia guineensis Fingerlings Exposed to Treated Produced Water from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

“…BTEX are found mostly in produced water that is untreated. Its extreme volatility explains its rapid loss when produced water is treated (Terrens and Tait, 1996;Aidar et al, 1999;Neff et al, 2011). However, the toxic chemical content of some produced waters, whether in low or high concentration, portends significant toxicity effects on sensitive aquatic organisms.…”