Quantification of leaf greenness and leaf spectral profile in plant diagnosis using an optical scanner

Abstract

Observation of leaf spectral profile (color) enables suitable management measures to be taken for crop production. An optical scanner was used: 1) to obtain an equation to determine the greenness of plant leaves and 2) to examine the power to discriminate among plants grown under different nutritional conditions. Sweet basil seedlings grown on vermiculite were supplemented with one-fifth-strength Hoagland solutions containing 0, 0.2, 1, 5, 20, and 50 mM NH 4 + . The 5 mM treatment resulted in the greatest leaf and shoot weights, indicating a quadratic growth response pattern to the NH 4 + gradient. An equation involving b*, black and green to describe the greenness of leaves was provided by the spectral profiling of a color scale for rice leaves as the standard. The color scale values for the basil leaves subjected to 0.2 and 1 mM NH 4 + treatments were 1.00 and 1.12, respectively. The other treatments resulted in significantly greater values of 2.25 to 2.42, again indicating a quadratic response pattern. Based on the spectral data set consisting of variables of red-green-blue and other color models and color scale values, in discriminant analysis, 81% of the plants were correctly classified into the six NH 4 + treatment groups. Combining the spectral data set with the growth data set consisting of leaf and shoot weights, 92% of the plant samples were correctly classified whereas, using the growth data set, only 53% of plants were correctly classified. Therefore, the optical scanning of leaves and the use of spectral profiles helped plant diagnosis when biomass measurements were not effective. Index terms:Color models, multidimensionality, multivariate spectral profiling, nonlinear response pattern, Ocimum basilicum. RESUMOA observação do perfil espectral da folha (cor) permite medidas de gestão adequadas a serem consideradas na produção. Um scanner óptico foi usado para: 1) obter uma equação para determinar o verde das folhas e 2) examinar o poder de discriminar entre as plantas cultivadas sob diferentes condições nutricionais. Mudas de manjericão cultivadas em vermiculita foram suplementadas com solucão de Hoagland contendo um quinto de força e suplementado com 0, 0,2, 1, 5, 20 e 50 mM NH 4 + . O tratamento de 5 mM resultou em maior peso de folha e parte aérea, indicando um padrão de resposta quadrática para o gradiente de NH 4 + . Uma equação envolvendo b*, preto e verde para descrever o verde das folhas foi fornecido pelo perfil espectral de uma escala de cores para folha de arroz como padrão. Os valores de cor de escala para as folhas de manjericão submetidos aos tratamentos NH 4 + contendo 0,2 e 1 mM foram 1,00 e 1,12, respectivamente. Os outros tratamentos resultaram em valores significativamente superiores, de 2,25 a 2,42 indicando novamente um padrão de resposta quadrática. Com base no conjunto dos dados espectrais constituído por variáveis de cores vermelho-verde-azul e outros modelos de cores e valores da escala de cores, na análise discriminante, 81% das plantas foram corretamente classificad...

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