Estimate of genetic parameters and predicted gains with early selection of physic nut families

Abstract

An initial evaluation of early selection of physic nut genotypes based on phenotypic data is presented. In order to predict the genetic gains with early selection, genetic parameters, e.g. additive genetic variance, were first obtained for grain yield along with other numerous traits. The results demonstrated that additive genetic variance exists not only for grain yield, which is considered to be the most important trait for oil and biodiesel production, but also for numerous other traits. The predicted genetic gains for grain yield, considering the selection of the 30, 20, 10 and 5 best families in the second crop year are respectively, 40.47, 48.43, 61.78 and 70.28%. With the selection of highly yielding physic nut genotypes indirectly genotypes with enhanced volume would be also selected, because yield exhibits moderate to high genetic correlations with height e canopy volume. The results here presented demonstrate the potential of the population gathered in the Brazilian physic nut germplasm bank for genetic breeding purposes and that superior physic nut families can be selected with high accuracy based on the evaluation of its second crop.Index terms: Jatropha curcas L., reproductive, vegetative traits, plant breeding. RESUMOUma avaliação inicial da seleção precoce de genótipos baseados em dados fenotípicos é apresentada aqui. Para predizer os ganhos genéticos com a seleção precoce, parâmetros genéticos, e.g. variância genética aditiva, foram obtidos para a produção de grãos e vários outros caracteres. Os resultados demonstram que variância genética aditiva existe, não apenas para produção de grãos, que é considerada a característica mais importante para produção de óleo e biodiesel, mas também para outras características. Os ganhos genéticos preditos com a seleção das 30, 20, 10 e 5 melhores famílias no segundo ano de avaliação são respectivamente 40,47, 48,43, 61,78 e 70,28%. Com a seleção de genótipos mais produtivos de pinhão manso, indiretamente genótipos com elevado volume também serão selecionados, uma vez que a produção exibe correlação alta a moderada com altura e volume de copa. Conjuntamente, os resultados aqui apresentados demonstram o potencial da população representada no banco ativo de germoplasma de pinhão manso brasileiro, para fins de melhoramento e que famílias superiores de pinhão manso podem ser selecionadas com alta acurácia baseada na avaliação da segunda produção.

Path analysis and canonical correlations for indirect selection of Jatropha genotypes with higher oil yield

“…The highest estimates of phenotypic correlations were obtained between the same traits evaluated at different ages, e.g., CPR12 x CPR40, CPB12 x CPB40, and between CPR12 x CPB40, CPR40 x CPB40, and GY x OY. These results are in accordance with those of Laviola et al (2010Laviola et al ( , 2012a. Correlation between the canopy projection on the row and oil yield deserves attention, since it was moderate at both ages.…”

Effects of planting density on vegetative growth and production components of jatropha (Physic nut L)

“…Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) is a perennial oilseed plant in the Euphorbiaceae family native to the Americas, which is grown mainly in India, Africa, and Central America (Laviola et al, 2012). It is found in almost all intertropical regions, occurring at a larger scale in tropical and temperate regions and at a smaller scale in cold regions (Colodetti et al, 2011).…”

Nutritional status of jatropha under cattle manure and natural phosphate in rainfed conditions

“…Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) has been recommended as a promising alternative for oil, aiming at biodiesel production in many countries worldwide (Laviola et al, 2012). In the northeast region of Brazil, this oilseed plant has been studied as a promising alternative for the agricultural economy, since it is perennial, shows relative tolerance to droughts and produces almost the entire year.…”