Resíduo da semente de urucum (Bixa orellana L.) como corante da gema, pele bico e ovário de poedeiras avaliado por dois métodos analíticos

Abstract

RESUMOO experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o resíduo da semente de urucum (RSU) como ingrediente e aditivo corante de diferentes tecidos de 125 poedeiras Lohmann-LSL, com 22 semanas de idade e 1,65 kg de peso vivo, distribuídas num delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em cinco tratamentos com cinco repetições de cinco aves. O tratamento 1 (T 1 ) = ração à base de milho+farelo de soja (M+FS); T 2 = ração à base de sorgo (40%) + FS; T 3 = T 2 + 4% RSU; T 4 = T 2 + 8% RSU e T 5 = T 2 + 12% RSU. Foram fornecidos 110 g de ração/ave/dia e água à vontade. As coletas foram realizadas em três períodos de 28 dias. A pigmentação dos diferentes tecidos foi avaliada pelo método 1 (M 1 ) do leque colorimétrico da Roche® e, pelo método 2 (M 2 ) do escore b+ , que mede a cor amarela, pelo cromatográfo Minolta® CR-10. Excetuando-se os T 1 e T 2 da análise de variância, o aumento do RSU na ração com 40% de sorgo melhorou, linearmente, o consumo, produção, massa, conversão alimentar por massa e por dúzia de ovos. A pigmentação da gema analisada pelos M 1 e M 2 , do bico pelo M 2 e do ovário pelo M 1 melhoraram com o aumento do RSU. Alta correlação (r = 0,72; P < 0,001) foi detectada entre o M 1 e M 2 para pigmentação da gema. Recomenda-se até 12% de RSU em rações contendo sorgo como principal fonte de energia para melhorar a pigmentação da gema e a produção de ovos.Termos para indexação: Aditivo, alimento alternativo, produção de ovos, sorgo, pigmentante, urucum, Bixa orellana. ABSTRACTA experiment was carried out in the Poultry Science Station of CFT/UFPB with the objective to evalluate the annatto seeds bran (ASB) as an ingredient and as an additive colouring of several tissue in 125 hens Lohmann LSL with twenty-two weeks of age, 1.65 kg of live weight, allocated in the completely randomized design, with five treatments and five replication of five hens. The treatment 1 (T 1 ) = diet based on corn and soybean meal; T 2 = diet + 40% of sorghum; T 3 = T 2 + 4% ASB; T 4 = T 2 + 8% ASB; e T 5 = T 2 + 12% ASB. The birds were fed 110 g of diet/day and water ad libitum. The collect were obtained in three periods of twentyeight days. Collor changes were measured with yolk the Roche® collor fan method (M 1 ) and score calculated from b+ (yellowness) of Minolta® CR-10 instrument (M 2 ). Excepting the T 1 and T 2 of analysis of variance, the increase of ASB in diet with 40% of sorghum improved, linearly, intake, egg production, egg mass, egg mass and egg dozen feed conversion ratio. The yolk color by M 1 and M 2 , beak by M 2 and ovary by M 1 improved with the increasing of ASB in diets. A high correlation coefficient (r = 0.72; P < 0.001) was observed for yolk collor among M 1 and M 2 . Suggested up to 12% of ASB in diet where sorghum is principal source of energy to improve yolk pigmentation and egg production.

Ground annatto seeds (Bixa orellana L.) in sorghum-based commercial layer diets and their effects on performance, egg quality, and yolk pigmentation

“…These results are different from those obtained by Silva et al (2006), who worked with annatto residual seeds in diets with 40% sorghum and observed higher egg production as annatto inclusion increased. Table 4 presents egg quality results.…”

“…However, in a study using an annatto seed extract in sorghum-based commercial layer diets, Braz et al (2007) found that 2% extract inclusion did not influence layer performance, but was not sufficient to produce the same egg yolk color as that obtained with corn. Similarly, Silva et al (2006) concluded that the addition of 4, 8, or 12% of that extract to feeds with up to 40% sorghum did not promote the same yolk color as a corn-and soybean meal-based diet. However, it must be noted that the yolk pigmentation results depend on the variety of annatto used and on pigment extraction method.…”

Nutritional value and inclusion levels of residual annatto seed meal in diets for Japanese quails

“…RASM inclusion did not have an effect on feed intake probably due to the diets being iso-nutritive, ensuring the same nutritional and energetic density in all treatments. Similarly, Silva et al (2006), when assessing RASM in diets for laying hens, did not observe differences in productive performance and recommended 12% RASM inclusion in the diet.…”

Cassava bagasse and annatto colorific (Bixa orellana L.) in diets for slow-growing broilers from 30 to 90 days of age

“…Silva et al (2005), when evaluating performance, carcass characteristics and pigmentation of broilers fed diets with 0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0; 12.5; and 15.0% of annatto seed residue, found no effect on the percentage of abdominal fat and pigmentation of the carcass measured on leg skin by the visual method of the color fan. However, Silva et al (2006) observed that the addition of up to 12% of this by-product to a diet containing 40% sorghum as the main source of energy linearly improved egg yolk pigmentation. Harder et al (2010) when evaluating the color of cooked cuts from commercial broilers fed 1, 2 and 3% of annatto seed meal, concluded that the use of annatto intensified the color of the cuts, mainly evidenced by the inclusion of 3% annatto.…”

“…Among the natural sources, annatto (Bixa orellana L.), of the Bixaceae family, have been outstanding for both human and animal feeding. The main pigment of the annatto is bixin, which can be extracted from the seed pulp and it is characterized as a thin resinous layer of red-orange color (SILVA et al, 2006). The coloring ability of the annatto seed was confirmed in different experiments with poultry (COSTA et al, 2006;BRAZ et al, 2007;HARDER et al, 2008;GARCIA et al, 2009;ROJAS et al, 2015).…”