Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from skin and soft tissue infections of outpatients from a university hospital in Recife -PE, Brazil

Abstract

BACKGROUNDStaphylococcus aureus has a notable ability to acquire resistance to antibiotics, and methicillin resistance represents a growing public health problem. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has also become important outside the hospital environment, particularly in the United States. In Brazil, since 2005, cases of community skin infections caused by MRSA have been reported, but resistance studies involving outpatients are scarce.OBJECTIVETo know the resistance profile of S. aureus involved in skin and soft tissue infections of patients seen at the Dermatology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Recife, Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. METHODSProspective study involving 30 patients with skin and soft tissue infections, seen at the Dermatology outpatient clinic from May until November 2011. To evaluate the susceptibility of S. aureus to antibiotics, the disk diffusion method and oxacillin screening agar were used. RESULTSFrom a total of 30 samples of skin lesions, 19 (63%) had positive culture for S. aureus. The following resistance patterns of S. aureus were observed: penicillin, 95%; tetracycline, 32%; erythromycin, 21%; gentamicin, 16%; cefoxitin, 11%; oxacillin, 11%; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 11%; chloramphenicol, 11%; clindamycin, 5% ; and ciprofloxacin, 0%. One of the identified MRSA was obtained from a patient without risk factors for its acquisition, and was resistant, beyond to the beta-lactams, only to tetracycline. CONCLUSIONSWith regard to the resistance patterns of S. aureus, resistances to tetracycline, erythromycin and gentamicin were the highest. It was documented, for the first time in Pernambuco, a case of skin infection caused by community-associated MRSA.

In-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolates in Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria

“…High rate of resistance to penicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics has been reported in parts of South-western Nigeria (11,12). Researchers in other parts of the world have also reported high level of resistance to antibiotics by strains of S. aureus (13,2,3 In conclusion, this study shows that there is a very high level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics among strains of S. aureus in Umuahia. There is need to institute surveillance for drug susceptibility of important pathogen like S. aureus.There is a need for greater control and rational use of antibiotics in order to slow down the rate of resistance development and spread of resistant organisms in the community.…”

“…The reports of high level of antimicrobial drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in different parts of the world are generating serious public health concerns (1,2,3). Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most successful and adaptable human pathogens that can exist as a commensal on human skin on one hand and become a pathogen capable of causing serious infections in both healthcare facilities and in the community (4).…”

Phenotypic, molecular and antimicrobial susceptibility assessment in isolates from chronic ulcers of cured leprosy patients: a case study in Southern Brazil

“… 22 , 23 , 24 Community MRSA isolates are a frequent cause of skin and soft tissue infections, such as cellulitis and abscess. 25 , 26 , 27 However, they may also be implicated in severe infectious conditions, such as meningitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, and septic shock. 28 , 29 , 30 Molecular analysis was consistent with presence of the mec A gene , contained in a clonal type IV SCC mec .…”

In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorquinaldol against Microorganisms Responsible for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Comparative Evaluation with Gentamicin and Fusidic Acid

“…Though gentamicin showed a bactericidal effect at a concentration of 2 × MIC at 24 h against the tested staphylococci, only 20% of tested strains resulted susceptible to gentamicin. Indeed, high percentages of gentamicin-resistance in staphylococci isolated from skin infections have been reported by other authors, and nosocomial outbreaks of gentamicin-resistant S. aureus associated with the use of topical gentamicin were described in the past (Bint et al, 1977 ; Wyatt et al, 1977 ; Graham et al, 1980 ; Moet et al, 2007 ; Iwaki et al, 2011 ; Caraciolo et al, 2012 ). Moreover, use of gentamicin impregnated collagen sponges has been recently associated to an increased probability of sternal wound infection after cardiac surgery caused by gentamicin-resistant bacteria (Rapetto et al, 2016 ).…”