60Co GAMMA RADIATION EFFECTS ON Apis mellifera VENOM: BIOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Costa, Hilton Nobre da

doi:10.1590/s0104-79302002000100016

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins

2002

DOI: 10.1590/s0104-79302002000100016

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60Co GAMMA RADIATION EFFECTS ON Apis mellifera VENOM: BIOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Hilton Nobre da Costa¹

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Cited by 3 publications

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Bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus infections

Ahmed

Gouda

Elmligy

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The misuse of antibiotics has led to antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, making it even harder to combat and eliminate their infections. Staphylococcus aureus causes various adverse infections and diseases, including skin abscesses, bloodstream infections, pneumonia, and joint infections. In this study, we aimed to test the cytotoxic and antibacterial effects of bee venom-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BV-loaded CS-NPs) in comparison to gamma-irradiated BV and native BV from Apis mellifera. The physiochemical characterizations of our treatments were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), zeta-potential, release rate, and Encapsulation Efficiency (EE). Our study was conducted on both levels, in-vitro and in-vivo. For the in-vitro study, a bacterial model of Staphylococcus aureus with an ATCC number of 6538 was grown in tryptic soy agar (TSA) medium, and the inhibition zones of our drug candidates were measured with the appropriate statistical analysis performed. For the in-vivo study, levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Creatinine, Urea, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were analyzed. BV-loaded CS-NPs showed relatively better results than the other alternatives, which are native BV and gamma-irradiated BV. The results showed that the antibacterial effect of BV-loaded CS-NPs was greater than the alternatives. Furthermore, its cytotoxic effect was far less than the native and irradiated bee venom. These outcomes ensure that loading BV on CS-NPs makes it a promising drug candidate for an antibiotic alternative with minimal cytotoxicity and enhanced antibacterial activity.

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Bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus infections

Ahmed

Gouda

Elmligy

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Immunization with native and cobalt 60-irradiated Crotalus durissus terrificus venom in swiss mice: assessment of the neutralizing potency of antisera

Ferreira

Nascimento

Martı́nez

et al. 2005

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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ELISA was used to evaluate, follow, and compare the humoral immune response of Swiss mice during hyperimmunization with natural and Cobalt 60-irradiated (60Co) Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. Potency and neutralization were evaluated by in vitro challenges. After hyperimmunization, immunity was observed by "in vivo" challenge and the side effects were assessed. The animals immunization with one LD50 of the venom was on days one, 15, 21, 30, and 45, when blood samples were collected; the challenges occurred on the 60th day. Results showed that ELISA was efficient in evaluating, following, and comparing mouse immune response during hyperimmunization. Serum titers produced with natural venom were similar to those produced with irradiated venom. Immunogenic capacity was maintained after 60Co irradiation. Serum produced from Crotalus durissus terrificus irradiated venom showed higher potency and neutralization capacity than that from natural venom. All antibodies were able to neutralize five LD50 from these venoms. Clinical alterations were minimum during hyperimmunization with irradiated venom

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Immunological assessment of mice hyperimmunized with native and Cobalt-60-irradiated Bothrops venoms

Ferreira¹,

Nascimento²,

Martı́nez

et al. 2005

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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ELISA was used to evaluate, accompany, and compare the humoral immune response of Swiss mice during hyperimmunization with native and Cobalt-60-irradiated ( 60 Co) venoms of Bothrops jararaca, Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops moojeni. Potency and neutralization were evaluated by in vitro challenges. After hyperimmunization, immunity was observed by in vivo challenge, and the side effects were assessed. The animals immunization with one LD 50 of each venom occurred on days 1, 15, 21, 30, and 45, when blood samples were collected; challenges happened on the 60 th day. Results showed that ELISA was efficient in evaluating, accompanying and comparing mouse immune response during hyperimmunization. Serum titers produced with natural venom were similar to those produced with irradiated venom. Immunogenic capacity was maintained after 60 Coirradiation. The sera produced with native venom showed neutralizing potency and capacity similar to those of the sera produced with irradiated venom. All antibodies were able to neutralize five LD 50 from these venoms. Clinical alterations were minimum during hyperimmunization with irradiated venom, however, necrosis and death occurred in animals inoculated with native venom.

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60Co GAMMA RADIATION EFFECTS ON Apis mellifera VENOM: BIOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus infections

Bee venom as an alternative for antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus infections

Immunization with native and cobalt 60-irradiated Crotalus durissus terrificus venom in swiss mice: assessment of the neutralizing potency of antisera

Immunological assessment of mice hyperimmunized with native and Cobalt-60-irradiated Bothrops venoms

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