TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE PLANT Xanthium strumarium IN PIGS IN ZIMBABWE

Masvingwe, C.; Mavenyengwa, M.

doi:10.1590/s0104-79301998000200003

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…14 In controlled studies of mice and swine receiving ground cocklebur, cocklebur extract, oral CATR, or IV CATR, each group developed similar symptoms with decreased movement, ataxia, "paddling of the limbs," and seizures followed by coma and death 12-24 h after dosing. 9,10,14 In in vitro experiments CATR inhibits oxidative phosphorylation 15 and noncompetitively inhibits adenosine nucleotides translocase, which moves ADP/ATP across the mitochondrial membranes. 15,16 Human cases of Xanthium plant toxicity are rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscle spasm associated with therapeutic use of Cang Er Zi Wan

West

McKeown

Hendrickson

2010

Clinical Toxicology

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CEZW is a herbal medication that contains X. sibiricum. X. sibiricum is a widespread weed that has caused muscular spasm, seizures, and death in animals that graze on it as well as animals experimentally exposed to it. Eleven cases of accidental human ingestion of Xanthium leading to spasm, somnolence, hypoglycemia, renal, and liver toxicity have been described. We describe a unique case of isolated muscular spasms because of the therapeutic use of a CEZW product.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The muscle spasms may represent a low-dose toxicity of CATR as similar spasms of the neck/limbs have been described in research animals exposed to oral or IV CATR. 7,9,10 3. Another compound isolated from Xanthium may be responsible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle spasm associated with therapeutic use of Cang Er Zi Wan

West

McKeown

Hendrickson

2010

Clinical Toxicology

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“…Thirty-five people suffered from alimentary toxicosis, and seven individuals were killed (Shen 2005). It has been reported as fatal to cattle and pigs (Masvingwe & Mavenyengwa 1998). The chloroform and hexane soluble fractions of root extract were tested in Wistar rats and the toxicity determination was done according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines.…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthium strumarium – a potential cheap resource of plant substances for medicinal use

Spadaro¹,

Йонкова

Kozuharova

2019

Fl. Medit.

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Kozuharova, E., Ionkova, I. & Spadaro, V.: Xanthium strumarium -a potential cheap resource of plant substances for medicinal use . -Fl. Medit. 29: 93-102. 2019. -ISSN: 1120 printed, 2240-4538 online.Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herb which reproduces solely by seed. So far its centre of origin was considered Central or South America. Recent archeological research revealed that the burs of X. strumarium were used in Yuergou site (400-200 cal BC) in the Turpan Basin of northwestern China. This plant adventive to Europe reduces germination of various crops and behaves like and aggressive invasive species. X. strumarium is the most frequently recorded plant in the field borders between the crop land and adjacent territories the agricultural areas in Bulgaria. We aim of this study is to reveal the potential of X. strumarium as a cheap source of compounds with valuable pharmacological activities. Here we analyse: 1) the traditional ethnobotanical data from its native habitats; 2) the modern investigations of pharmacological activity and essential secondary compounds. Traditionally the plant is used as febrifuge drug and an immunostimulant, as a diaphoretic agent and against malaria, as well as dysentry cure, astringent, sedative, analgesic, diuretic, against leucorrhoea and urinary diseases, eczema and skin disease, bleeding, insect bite, to treat boils and pimples, against smallpox and stomach diseases, earache and strumous disease, leprosy, headache, fever, etc. X. strumarium contains sesquiterpene lactones, thiazinediones, phenolic acids etc. and posses anticancer, antitussive, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycaemic, antioxidant, antitrypanosomal, and antidepressant-like activity, diuretic effects, insecticidal and herbicidal activities as well as antitrypanosomal effect. A pharmaceutical application of this plant in the future would reduce its populations and thus would contribute to the biodiversity conservation.

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“…Microscopically, acute hepatic congestion and haemorrhage, centrilobular hepatocyte necrosis, with occasional binucleation together with discoid lysis of skeletal and cardiac muscle fibres were remarkable changes. [13] Another toxicological study on male rats revealed that metabolism of CAT may have a role in its cytotoxic and lethal effects. Clinical signs of toxicosis, duration of illness, lethality, gross lesions and hepatic and renal histopathological lesions were recorded.…”

Section: Antiallergic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytopharmacological review ofXanthium strumarium L.(Cocklebur)

Kamboj¹,

Saluja²

2010

Int J Green Pharm

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and hotter parts of India. The herb is traditionally used mostly in treating several ailments. Extracts of the whole plant, especially leaves, roots, fruits and seeds have been applied in traditional medicine for the treatment of leucoderma, poisonous bites of insects, epilepsy, salivation, long-standing cases of malaria, rheumatism, tuberculosis, allergic rhinitis, sinitis, urticaria, rheumatoid arthritis, constipation, diarrhoea, leprosy, lumbago, pruritis, bacterial and fungal infections. This comprehensive account provides a botanical description of the plant, its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities are reviewed, focussing on antibacterial, antitumour, antitussive, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycaemic, antimitotic, antioxidant, antitrypanosomal, CNS depressant activity, diuretic effects, contact dermatitis, insecticidal and herbicidal activities. Most of the pharmacological effects can be explained by the constituents like sesquiterpene lactones, glycoside, phenols, polysterols present in all plant parts. However, future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in order to confirm traditional wisdom in the light of a rational phytotherapy. Because of its multi-activity, in particular, anti-tumour, anti-cancer activity, so much attention is focussed on the herb. Finally, research needs quantitation of individual constituents and assessment of their pharmacological activities in humans.

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TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE PLANT Xanthium strumarium IN PIGS IN ZIMBABWE

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Muscle spasm associated with therapeutic use of Cang Er Zi Wan

Muscle spasm associated with therapeutic use of Cang Er Zi Wan

Xanthium strumarium – a potential cheap resource of plant substances for medicinal use

Phytopharmacological review ofXanthium strumarium L.(Cocklebur)

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