Inclusion separation of alkali metals in emulsion liquid membranes by nanobaskets of calix[4]crown-3

Abstract

-Nano-assisted inclusion separation of alkali metals from basic solutions was reported by an inclusion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this study is application of nanobaskets of calixcrown in the selective and efficient separation of alkali metals as both the carrier and the surfactant. For this purpose, two diacids, p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene-1,2-crown-3 in the cone and the 1,2-alternate conformation, as well as another diacid, p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-1,2-thiacrown-3 in the cone conformation, were synthesized. Their inclusion-extraction parameters were optimized, including the calixcrown scaffold (04, 4 wt%) as the carrier/demulsifier, commercial kerosene as the diluent in the membrane, sulphonic acid (0.2 M) and ammonium carbonate (0.4 M) as the strip and the feed phases; the phase and the treat ratios were 0.8 and 0.3, mixing speed (300 rpm), and initial solute concentration (100 mg/L). The selectivity of the membrane was examined for more than ten interfering cations was examined and the results reveled that, under the optimized operating condition, the degree of inclusion-extraction of alkali metals was as high as 98-99%.

Investigation of experimental results and D-optimal design of hafnium ion extraction from aqueous system using emulsion liquid membrane technique

“…Investigations in this work showed that the best place to place the stirrer blade is within the lower third of the solution, in which case it can disperse the cells throughout the external phase. Increasing the stirring rate in the extraction step can have two opposite effects [76]. On the one hand, an increase in stirring rate can increase the dispersity of the emulsion cells and reduce the average emulsion droplet size in the external phase.…”

Transport of Zn (II) by TDDA-Polypropylene Supported Liquid Membranes and Recovery from Waste Discharge Liquor of Galvanizing Plant of Zn (II)

“…Among novel techniques suggested for transport of metal ions, supported liquid membrane is one of the promising methods. The technique comprises the applications of solvent extraction (high selectivity and 2 Journal of Chemistry distribution coefficient) while overcoming usual extraction's shortcomings (loss of carrier due to emulsification and dispersion) [16][17][18].…”