The inter-relationship between inoculum concentration, morphology, rheology and erythromycin productivity in submerged cultivation of Saccharopolyspora erythraea

Ghojavand, Hossein; Bonakdarpour, Babak; Heydarian, Seyed Mohammad; Hamedi, Javad

doi:10.1590/s0104-66322011000400002

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Neves et al observed an increase of 22% in CA titers when the age and percentage of inoculum (mycelia) was 24 h and 14% of the bioreactor volume, respectively [21]; in addition, CA production appears to be related to spore-based inoculum concentration [22]. Similar results were found for erythromycin biosynthesis: A 3.5-fold reduction in antibiotic production was observed when spore concentration was changed from 1 × 10 6 to 1 × 10 3 spores/mL, at the beginning of cultivation [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…For spores stock preparation, glycerol-preserved cells were transferred and cultivated in the GYM (glucose, yeast extract, and malt extract [25]) medium at 30 • C. After 14 days of culture, spore suspensions were obtained as described by Ghojavand et al [8], and maintained at -20 • C in 20% sterile glycerol. Spore counting was performed as described by Hopwood et al [26].…”

Section: Microorganism and Culture Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In liquid medium, the presence of compartmentalized (primary) mycelium (MI) has been observed, from which the multinuclear (secondary) mycelium (MII) emerges, prior to the sporulation process [5][6][7]. Special attention has been placed on the likely relationship that might exist between product accumulation and cell morphology or lifecycle stage [8][9][10]; for example, the synthesis of prodigiosin and actinorhodin by S. coelicolor has been related to the appearance and formation of secondary mycelium (MII) [7]. Moreover, production of erythromycin by S. erythraea is favored by the presence of larger clumps of mycelium [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Special attention has been placed on the likely relationship that might exist between product accumulation and cell morphology or lifecycle stage [8][9][10]; for example, the synthesis of prodigiosin and actinorhodin by S. coelicolor has been related to the appearance and formation of secondary mycelium (MII) [7]. Moreover, production of erythromycin by S. erythraea is favored by the presence of larger clumps of mycelium [8,11]. In contrast, virginiamycin, an antibiotic produced by S. virginiae, is apparently not related to cell morphology [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Differentiation of Streptomyces clavuligerus Exposed to Diverse Environmental Conditions and Its Relationship with Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis

et al. 2020

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Clavulanic acid (CA) is a potent inhibitor of class A β-lactamase enzymes produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus (S. clavuligerus) as a defense mechanism. Due to its industrial interest, the process optimization is under continuous investigation. This work aimed at identifying the potential relationship that might exist between S. clavuligerus ATCC 27064 morphology and CA biosynthesis. For this, modified culture conditions such as source, size, and age of inoculum, culture media, and geometry of fermentation flasks were tested. We observed that high density spore suspensions (1 × 107 spores/mL) represent the best inoculum source for S. clavuligerus cell suspension culture. Further, we studied the life cycle of S. clavuligerus in liquid medium, using optic, confocal, and electron microscopy; results allowed us to observe a potential relationship that might exist between the accumulation of CA and the morphology of disperse hyphae. Reactor geometries that increase shear stress promote smaller pellets and a quick disintegration of these in dispersed secondary mycelia, which begins the pseudosporulation process, thus easing CA accumulation. These outcomes greatly contribute to improving the understanding of antibiotic biosynthesis in the Streptomyces genus.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Microorganism and Culture Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Differentiation of Streptomyces clavuligerus Exposed to Diverse Environmental Conditions and Its Relationship with Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis

et al. 2020

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“…On the contrary, the power-law index (n) decremented as stress increased, revealing the fact that the broth was becoming more shear thinning. Such rheological behavior indicated the role of physical and chemical stimulation or enhanced morphological differentiation that demands better mass transfer within the submerged culture [13][14][15] . The dispersed mycelium network increased the shear stress and shear rate ratio.…”

Section: Parameters Of Best Fitted Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Characterization of Streptomyces roseosporus for the Production of Daptomycin

Chakravarty¹

2017

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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Daptomycin is a potential broad-spectrum anti-MRSA antibiotic produced by Streptomyces roseosporus. It has been a boon for patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections. There is a constant urge to enhance the yield of Daptomycin to reduce the cost of its industrial production. Daptomycin fermentation is a highly aerobic process, and the fermentation broth exhibits typical rheological properties, which peculiarly govern the production phenomenon. Being a secondary metabolite, Daptomycin is a non-growth associated product. Sufficient cell mass promises better production. The cell growth is particularly affected by stress conditions in the broth. In this study, the effects of stress conditions on broth characteristics were evaluated. Different rheological models were plotted and the Power law model was found to be best-fitted. The consistency index (K) and the flow behavior index (n) data were calculated. This study should contribute to predict and control the rheology of large-scale Daptomycin fermentation.

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Hydrodynamics, Fungal Physiology, and Morphology

Serrano‐Carreón

Galindo

Rocha‐Valadez

et al. 2015

Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology

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Filamentous cultures, such as fungi and actinomycetes, contribute substantially to the pharmaceutical industry and to enzyme production, with an annual market of about 6 billion dollars. In mechanically stirred reactors, most frequently used in fermentation industry, microbial growth and metabolite productivity depend on complex interactions between hydrodynamics, oxygen transfer, and mycelial morphology. The dissipation of energy through mechanically stirring devices, either flasks or tanks, impacts both microbial growth through shearing forces on the cells and the transfer of mass and energy, improving the contact between phases (i.e., air bubbles and microorganisms) but also causing damage to the cells at high energy dissipation rates. Mechanical-induced signaling in the cells triggers the molecular responses to shear stress; however, the complete mechanism is not known. Volumetric power input and, more importantly, the energy dissipation/circulation function are the main parameters determining mycelial size, a phenomenon that can be explained by the interaction of mycelial aggregates and Kolmogorov eddies. The use of microparticles in fungal cultures is also a strategy to increase process productivity and reproducibility by controlling fungal morphology. In order to rigorously study the effects of hydrodynamics on the physiology of fungal microorganisms, it is necessary to rule out the possible associated effects of dissolved oxygen, something which has been reported scarcely. At the other hand, the processes of phase dispersion (including the suspended solid that is the filamentous biomass) are crucial in order to get an integral knowledge about biological and physicochemical interactions within the bioreactor. Digital image analysis is a powerful tool for getting relevant information in order to establish the mechanisms of mass transfer as well as to evaluate the viability of the mycelia. This review focuses on (a) the main characteristics of the two most common morphologies exhibited by filamentous microorganisms; (b) how hydrodynamic conditions affect morphology and physiology in filamentous cultures; and (c) techniques using digital image analysis to characterize the viability of filamentous microorganisms and mass transfer in multiphase dispersions. Representative case studies of fungi (Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus) exhibiting different typical morphologies (disperse mycelia and pellets) are discussed.

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The inter-relationship between inoculum concentration, morphology, rheology and erythromycin productivity in submerged cultivation of Saccharopolyspora erythraea

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Morphological Differentiation of Streptomyces clavuligerus Exposed to Diverse Environmental Conditions and Its Relationship with Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis

Morphological Differentiation of Streptomyces clavuligerus Exposed to Diverse Environmental Conditions and Its Relationship with Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis

Rheological Characterization of Streptomyces roseosporus for the Production of Daptomycin

Hydrodynamics, Fungal Physiology, and Morphology

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