Hide unhairing and characterization of commercial enzymes used in leather manufacture

Abstract

-The enzymatic treatment of hides in tannery processes is a promising technology. However, the reaction kinetics of commercial enzymes available to the leather industry are not fully understood and their activities have been mainly determined with model proteins such as casein as substrate, which are not of direct relevance for cattle hides. Therefore, it is important to determine their activities on collagen and keratin, the main proteins of skin, in order to use these enzymes in leather processing. This work describes the study of five proteases, used commercially in tanneries, to assess their ability to act upon collagen and keratin and to determine their unhairing. Results showed that all commercial enzymes tested had more activity on collagen than on keratin. Unhairing was also tested and four out of the five enzymes tested showed some unhairing activity. Optima of the temperature and pH of the enzymes were very similar for all five enzymes, with maximal activities around 55°C and pH 9 to 12, respectively.

The Use of Glutaraldehyde Tanning Materials for Goat Skin Tanning

“…When used as a tanning agent in itself, it can produce a good leathering effect and has a dark yellow color and can be natural dyes (Darmawati et al, 2017). Glutaraldehyde has been found to have a softening effect on leather and also has the ability to make the leather more receptive to subsequent chemical treatments for water-repellency and other specific effect (Dettmer et al, 2011). Glutaraldehyde, still commonly used as pretanning agent of shrunken leather and re-tanning agent of glove leather (Rachmawati and Udkhiyati, 2017).…”

An overview on therapeutic potential and various applications of microbial collagenases

“…Microbial collagenases have the potential applications in food and nutrition sector such as meat tenderization, collagen peptides, hydrolysates, collagen extraction, by-products utilization and functional foods [2]. There is a wide range of industrial applications of collagenase including food industries [74], cosmetic industries [75] tannery and meat industries, [76,77] but the most significant applications of collagenase is in the field of therapeutics. Collagenases have various noninvasive therapeutic applications such as treatment of Dupuytren's and Peyronie'sdisesase, burns, wound healing, intervertebral disc herniation, chronic total occlusions, glaucoma, cartilage repair, uterine fibroid, cellulite, keloid, nipple pain and degradation of human retained placenta [69,78] and cancer gene therapy [79,80].…”

Development of an Alternative Enzyme-assisted Dehairing Method of Animal Skins using Proteases from Bacillus licheniformis MZK05M9

“…The above mentioned situations necessitate the use of an alternative and eco-friendly process, which is most likely could be accomplished by a process involving enzymes, to reduce environmental pollution 13 . So, the main objective of this research was to develop an enzymatic unhairing process for total substitution of the toxic sodium sulfide, and to reduce the environmental impact of leather production.…”