Synthesis of biodiesel from Neem oil using sulfated zirconia via tranesterification

Muthu, H.; Sathyaselvabala, V.; Varathachary, Thiruvengadaravi Kadathur; Selvaraj, D.; Nandagopal, J.; Sivanesan, S.

doi:10.1590/s0104-66322010000400012

Cited by 107 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, the kinematic viscosity of 5.0 mm 2 /s and acid value of 0.45 mg KOH/g oil for the biodiesel were within the limit specified by the standards. The kinematic viscosity of neem oil biodiesel earlier reported were 4.0 [24,40], 5.3 [5], and 5.5 mm 2 /s [24,40], while the acid values earlier reported were 0.22 mg KOH/g oil [24,40] and 0.5 mg KOH/g oil [5]. The high value of the flash point (274 • C) for the AIOME indicates that it is safe to handle and store [41].…”

Section: Aiome Quality Characterization and Its Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2018

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The present work was aimed at assessing the possible use of ripe plantain fruit peel as a green-base catalyst in synthesizing Azadirachta indica oil methyl esters (AIOME). The free fatty acid content of the oil (5.81 wt %) was initially reduced to 0.90 wt % using methanol: oil at 2.19 v/v, Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 at 6 wt %, time of 15 min and temperature of 65 • C. The pretreated oil was converted to AIOME in a transesterification process with calcined ripe plantain peel ash (CRPPA) at 700 • C as catalyst. The process was modeled by artificial neural network and optimized using genetic algorithm. The effectiveness of the developed CRPPA is ascribable to its high K content and microstructural transformation. The reliability of the model obtained was confirmed with a high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.996 and a low mean relative percentage deviation (MRPD) of 8.10%. The best operating variables combination for the process was methanol:oil of 0.73 v/v, CRPPA of 0.65 wt % and time of 57 min while the temperature was kept constant at 65 • C with a corresponding AIOME yield of 99.2 wt %. The results of this work demonstrated the potentials of ripe plantain peels and neem oil as cheap feedstocks for biodiesel production.

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Section: Aiome Quality Characterization and Its Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The results showed that the biodiesel was highly unsaturated (73.79%) with linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid as the major methyl esters. Earlier reports have revealed that methyl esters from neem oil are highly unsaturated [5,40]. …”

Section: Aiome Quality Characterization and Its Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2018

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“…Most of the parts such as leaves, bark, flower, fruit, seed and root have applications in the field of medicine. It is an evergreen tree related to mahogany, growing in almost every state of India, South East Asian countries and West Africa (Muthu et al, 2010). It grows in drier areas and in all kinds of soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It contains four significant saturated fatty acids, of which two are palmitic acid and two are stearic acid. It also contains polyunsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acids (Muthu V et al, 2010). The quality of oil in terms of its fatty acid composition is very important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Properties of Neem Oil as Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

Bhandare

Naik

2015

ILNS

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Fossil fuel resources are decreasing daily while biodiesel fuels are attracting increasing attention worldwide as blending components or direct replacements for diesel fuel in vehicle engines. In this experiment the seed oils of 30 Neem (Azadirachta indica. A. juss) biotypes were screened and evaluated for their physio-chemical parameters for oil content, biodiesel yield, density, viscosity, iodine value , free fatty acid and saponification value. Hence the neem seed oil tested in this current study could be the potential sources of raw material for biodiesel production.

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“…It is well known that biodiesel can be derived from a variety of animal and vegetable oils [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The biodiesels derived from different plant oils will have slightly different toxic metal and inorganic contents due to the variation of cultivation methods, soil conditions, weather, plant parts used and processing technologies [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Study of Noxious Gas Emissions and Combustion Efficiency of Blended Mixtures of Neem Biodiesel and Petrodiesel

Pillay¹,

Molki²,

Elkadi³

et al. 2013

Sustainability

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Neem biodiesel is currently being explored as a future biofuel and was extracted chemically from the vegetable oil. Many of its properties are still under investigation and our aim was to study its noxious-gas emission profiles from blends with regular petroleum diesel. The distinct advantage of a real-time study is acquisition of in situ data on the combustion behavior of gas components with actual progression of time. Mixtures of neem biodiesel and petroleum diesel corresponding to neem additives of 5%, 10%, 15% and 25% were tested for combustion efficiency and emitted gases using a high-performance gas analyzer. Our study, therefore, investigated the overall efficiency of the combustion process linked to emissions of the following gases: O 2 , CO 2 , NO, NO x and SO 2 . The results for the 95/5% blend compared to the neat sample were most promising and showed no serious change in performance efficiency (<2%). NO/NO x emission trends displayed maxima/minima, suggestive of interconvertible chemical reactivity. Declining CO and SO 2 emissions were consistent with rapid chemical conversion. The CO and SO 2 concentrations fell well below the toxic atmospheric limits in less than 300 s. The results are generally encouraging for blends below 10%. The potential environmental impact of the study is discussed.

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Synthesis of biodiesel from Neem oil using sulfated zirconia via tranesterification

Cited by 107 publications

References 26 publications

Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm

Potential of Ripe Plantain Fruit Peels as an Ecofriendly Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis: Optimization by Artificial Neural Network Integrated with Genetic Algorithm

Functional Properties of Neem Oil as Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

Real-Time Study of Noxious Gas Emissions and Combustion Efficiency of Blended Mixtures of Neem Biodiesel and Petrodiesel

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