Pigments and their solubility in and extractability by supercritical CO2 - I: the case of curcumin

Abstract

A specially designed high-pressure cell was used simultaneously as extractor/autoclave and photometric cell in a Perkin Elmer Lambda 5 spectrophotometer. Based on this cell, a simple method was developed to determine the extractability of pigments by pure and by modified supercritical (sc) CO2. The method is demonstrated with curcumin from turmeric. With sc CO2 modified by 10% ethanol, the extraction yield for curcumin from two commercial finely ground dry turmeric samples was about 100%, measured by reference to the (complete) extraction of samples of the same charge with pure ethanol under standard conditions. Extractable curcumin content was from 1.8 to 2.5%, with three samples of turmeric of different origins

The Chemistry of Curcumin: From Extraction to Therapeutic Agent

“…Although extraction and separation of curcumin from turmeric powder was reported way back in 1815, more improved and advanced extraction methods are still being reported, even after two centuries [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]. Solvent extraction followed by column chromatography has been the most commonly employed method reported for separating curcumin from turmeric, and several polar and non-polar organic solvents have been used, including hexane, ethylacetate, acetone, methanol, etc.…”

“…With its increasing use in dietary supplements, researchers are developing extraction methods employing food grade solvents like triacylglycerols to give good yields [17]. Another commercially viable and efficient extraction method is using supercritical carbon dioxide [18,19]. Being free from organic solvents, pilot plants based on supercritical carbon dioxide have been established in several countries for the extraction of curcumin from turmeric.…”

Enhancement of Biological and Pharmacological Properties of an Encapsulated Polyphenol: Curcumin

“…Apart from improving the solubility and stability of CUR [ 39 ] NADES extracts exhibited increased antioxidant activity possibly due to enhanced bioavailability resulting from the effect of NADES during antioxidant membrane transport [ 35 ]. Furthermore, Soxhlet [ 41 ], ultrasound [ 42 ], microwave [ 43 ], pH-zone-refining [ 44 ] and supercritical carbon dioxide [ 45 ] extraction methods of CUR have been reported.…”

Recent advances in plant hepatoprotectives: A chemical and biological profile of some important leads

“…61 Turmeric got much attention due to its varied medicinal properties, and thus, various techniques like SFC, Microwave assisted, hydrotropy based, high speed countercurrent chromatography, etc., have been developed to extract and isolate curcumin. [62][63][64][65][66] Although, numerous methods are available to isolate curcumin, its purification is still time consuming and hence, mostly it is available in the market as a mixture of three main curcuminoids (8, 9, and 10, Fig. 7).…”