O Plano de Saneamento da Amazônia (1940-1942)

Andrade, Rômulo de Paula; Hochman, Gilberto

doi:10.1590/s0104-59702007000500011

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Essa ideia estava presente no "Discurso do Rio Amazonas", proferido por Vargas em 9/10/1940, em sua visita a Manaus, durante o banquete em que foi homenageado pelo interventor Álvaro Maia. O discurso foi reiteradamente celebrado pela imprensa como a primeira manifestação pública de interesse do governo central pela Amazônia (Andrade, 2007;Guillen, 1999;Secreto, 2007b).…”

Section: Entre Os Melhores E Mais Saudáveis E Os 'Flagelados Da Seca'unclassified

“…A expectativa do governo federal era que a seleção dos trabalhadores nordestinos convergisse com o programa de colonização da Amazônia. Se o alinhamento do Brasil aos EUA na guerra inviabilizou um plano brasileiro de saneamento da região (Andrade & Hochman, 2007), a Campanha da Borracha oferecia uma nova oportunidade. Todavia, face à premência imposta pelo conflito mundial, da pressão pelo rápido incremento da produção da borracha e das metas acordadas com a RDC, alguns impedimentos de saúde foram revistos.…”

Section: Entre a Seleção E A Assistência: Os Médicos Do Semta Sob Pre...unclassified

“…Visando a colonização da Amazônia, o governo Vargas buscou organizar um plano de controle das doenças endêmicas na região em 1940-1941, em particular da malária (Andrade & Hochman, 2007). Era um contexto marcado pela expansão do Estado no campo da saúde pública, que se materializaria na criação de serviços nacionais para o combate a doenças específicas no âmbito do Ministério da Educação e Saúde em 1941 (Hochman, 2005;Fonseca, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Selecionar, cuidar e encaminhar: os médicos na Batalha da Borracha (1942-1944)

Miranda

Hochman

2021

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a atuação dos médicos do Serviço Especial de Mobilização de Trabalhadores para a Amazônia (SEMTA) na Batalha da Borracha durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. O esforço de guerra e os acordos firmados com os Estados Unidos em 1942 implicaram o envio massivo de mão de obra brasileira para os seringais amazônicos. O artigo mostra como o processo de recrutamento e seleção de homens oriundos de diversas partes da região Nordeste para a extração de látex expressou e foi conformado por problemas históricos da sociedade brasileira: doença, desnutrição e analfabetismo. Esses médicos deveriam recrutar milhares de trabalhadores em uma população pobre e marcada pela seca e deles cuidar até a viagem para a Amazônia. O processo foi marcado por enorme pressão dos EUA, do governo federal e de governos nordestinos para que os médicos e as agências envolvidas cumprissem as metas acordadas, e também por críticas de setores econômicos pela diminuição da oferta de mão de obra barata no Nordeste. A atuação desses médicos é reveladora sobre as dramáticas condições de vida de homens nordestinos selecionados para uma marcha que os transformaria, heroica e tragicamente, em ‘soldados da borracha’.

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Section: Entre Os Melhores E Mais Saudáveis E Os 'Flagelados Da Seca'unclassified

Section: Entre a Seleção E A Assistência: Os Médicos Do Semta Sob Pre...unclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Selecionar, cuidar e encaminhar: os médicos na Batalha da Borracha (1942-1944)

Miranda

Hochman

2021

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

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“…In 1940, the newly formed Sanitation Commission of the Amazon in Brazil conducted one of the first studies on the incidence of malaria in cities situated on the Amazon banks and their major tributaries. Those surveys were based on the conditions of occurrence of the disease, including characteristics of households, environmental characteristics of the peri-domestic area, outbreaks, and finally mapping of endemic areas [ 29 ]. However, this plan did not cover indigenous villages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban and architectural risk factors for malaria in indigenous Amazonian settlements in Brazil: a typological analysis

Leandro-Reguillo¹,

Thomson-Luque

Monteiro

et al. 2015

Malar J

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In the Amazon, m alaria is highly endemic in indigenous populations, which are often considered one of the last barriers to malaria elimination due to geographic isolation. Although the improvement of housing conditions is a good strategy towards the control and prevention of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, this preventive practice has been barely undertaken in Latin America. An analysis of the architectural and urban features of indigenous Amazonian populations is essential to define and adapt these vector control measures. A total of 32 villages of 29 different ethnicities were studied and mapped by reviewing literature and visual information, and using a geographic information system. The most important architectural and urban characteristics influencing malaria were analysed according to the following categories: number of households and dimensions, supporting area, openings, materials, lifespan and location. Housing typologies found were classified within each of these variables. The results of this typological analysis included an easy-to-handle working template and revealing of features that benefit or hamper the presence of malaria vectors in Amerindians communities. Among risk factors, presence of open eaves, permeable walls, open-side constructions, large number of sleepers indoors, temporary-ephemeral houses, linear villages along stream banks, houseboats villages, poor urban drainage and villages surrounded by anthropogenic environments were highlighted. Indigenous settlements very permissive for anophelines were identified in ethnic groups, such as the Yanomami, Palikur, Paumari, Waimiri-Atroari and Wajãpi. Positive features were also recognized, including opaque and closed houses, large radial villages on bare soil, highly elevated stilted houses and the fire indoors, found among the Yawalapiti, Ashaninka, and Gavião-Parkatejê tribes. However, as Amazonian indigenous settlement typologies vary greatly even among villages of the same ethnic group, it is imperative to undertake an individual study for each community. Using the working template in Amazonian settlements it is possible to obtain data that will help researchers not only understand how architectural and urban features affect transmission, but also define vector control measures easily applicable by health authorities and acceptable by these communities.

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“…T he Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública (Sesp; Special Public Health Service) has been the object of historiographic scholarship on the institutionalization of public health in Brazil, encompassing studies on the political, ideological, and particularly economic and military reasons behind its creation (Bastos, 1996;Campos, 2006;Pinheiro, 1992), the agency's public health initiatives in the control of contagious diseases like tuberculosis and malaria (Campos, 1999;Andrade, Hochman, 2007), and the training of human resources in the health field (Bastos, 1996;Campos, 2008). Starting in the 1950s, Sesp began devoting special attention to health education, especially in the sphere of motherchild assistance.…”

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confidence: 99%

A higienização das parteiras curiosas: o Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública e a assistência materno-infantil (1940-1960)

Silva

Ferreira

2011

Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos

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The article addresses an endeavor by Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública (Sesp) to train folk midwives who worked in rural communities and to exercise control over these women's activities. The task was entrusted to the agency's prenatal and child hygiene programs, established between the 1940s and 1960s. The agency believed this training and control initiative would be of major importance in helping ensure the success of its project to establish local sanitary services offering mother-child assistance. The goal of working directly with the folk midwives was not only to force them to employ strict hygiene standards when delivering and caring for newborns but especially to use their influence and prestige within these communities to convince the general population to adopt good health practices.

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O Plano de Saneamento da Amazônia (1940-1942)

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Selecionar, cuidar e encaminhar: os médicos na Batalha da Borracha (1942-1944)

Selecionar, cuidar e encaminhar: os médicos na Batalha da Borracha (1942-1944)

Urban and architectural risk factors for malaria in indigenous Amazonian settlements in Brazil: a typological analysis

A higienização das parteiras curiosas: o Serviço Especial de Saúde Pública e a assistência materno-infantil (1940-1960)

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