Norovírus: uma visão geral

Morillo, Simone Guadagnucci; TavaresTimenetsky, Maria do Carmo Sampaio

doi:10.1590/s0104-42302011000400023

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases reported in humans. Norovirus is not only the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks, but it is also currently recognized as a major cause of sporadic gastroenteritis in both children and adults [ 7 ]. In China, acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis is also considered to be a severe public health problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its prevalence in children with acute gastroenteritis is in the range of 6–48% [ 6 ]. The development of molecular techniques in diagnosing has brought its epidemiological impact into sight [ 7 ]. It was concluded that an average of 570–800 deaths, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations, 1.7-1.9 million outpatients visits, and 19–21 million total illnesses occurin the United States each year as a result of norovirus infections [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of norovirus infections among diarrhea outpatients in a diarrhea surveillance system in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study

Xue

Pān

et al. 2015

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundNorovirus is an important cause of gastroenteritis both in children and adults. In China, few studies have been conducted on adult populations. This study aimed to determine the contribution of norovirus to gastroenteritis, characterize the features of norovirus infections, compare them with other pathogens, and test the effectiveness of the surveillance system.MethodsA citywide surveillance network on diarrhea patients was established. Samples were collected with intervals from both children and adults among diarrhea outpatients in hospitals and tested for viruses using rRT-PCR and for bacteria in CDCs. Patient information was acquired through interviews and recorded into a dedicated online system. The Pearsonχ2 test, multivariate logistic regression models and discriminant models were fitted into its comparisons with the non-norovirus group and other pathogens.ResultsNorovirus was detected in 22.91% of sampled diarrhea patients. The seasonal distribution of norovirus infections was different from non-norovirus patients (p < 0.001), with a half-year peak. Higher proportions of males (p = 0.001, OR = 1.303, 95% CI = 1.110-1.529), local citizens (p < 0.001) and officials/clerks (p = 0.001, OR = 1.348, 95% CI = 1.124-1.618) were affected with norovirus when compared with non-norovirus patients. Diarrhea patients affected with norovirus featured nausea (p < 0.001, OR = 1.418, 95% CI = 1.176-1.709) and vomiting (p < 0.001, OR = 1.969, 95% CI = 1.618-2.398), while fewer manifested fever (p = 0.046, OR = 0.758, 95% CI = 0.577-0.996) and abdominal pain (p = 0.018, OR = 0.815, 95% CI = 0.689-0.965). Children were more vulnerable to rotavirus (p = 0.008, OR = 1.637, 95% CI = 1.136-2.358) and bacteria (p = 0.027, OR = 1.511, 95% CI = 1.053-2.169) than norovirus. There was a seasonal difference between the GI and GII genotypes (p < 0.001). Officials or clerks were more easily affected with GI than GII (p = 0.006, OR = 1.888, 95% CI = 1.205-2.958).ConclusionsThis study was based on a citywide hospital-sentinel surveillance system with multiple enteric pathogens included. Norovirus was recognized as the most prevalent enteric pathogen in Shanghai. The seasonal peak was from October to April. Males had a higher prevalence than females. Local citizens and officials/clerks were more vulnerable to norovirus than other pathogens. Compared with rotavirus and bacteria, children were less frequently affected by norovirus. Nausea and vomiting were typical of norovirus, whereas fever and abdominal pain were uncommon symptoms of this pathogen. GI and GII infections were centered in different seasons. Officials and clerks were more easily affected by GI than GII.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0922-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of norovirus infections among diarrhea outpatients in a diarrhea surveillance system in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study

Xue

Pān

et al. 2015

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Norovirus (NV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus within the family of Caliciviridae [88], and human NV (HNV) is considered the major cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis worldwide, leading to 685 million cases per year. To date, there are no vaccines or specific drugs in NV-infection treatment [89].…”

Section: Norovirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and nature-inspired stilbenoids as antiviral agents

Mattio

Catinella

Pinto

et al. 2020

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

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Viruses continue to be a major threat to human health. In the last century, pandemics occurred and resulted in significant mortality and morbidity. Natural products have been largely screened as source of inspiration for new antiviral agents. Within the huge class of plant secondary metabolites, resveratrolderived stilbenoids present a wide structural diversity and mediate a great number of biological responses relevant for human health. However, whilst the antiviral activity of resveratrol has been extensively studied, little is known about the efficacy of its monomeric and oligomeric derivatives. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the achievements in this field, with particular emphasis on the source, chemical structures and the mechanism of action of resveratrol-derived stilbenoids against the most challenging viruses. The collected results highlight the therapeutic versatility of stilbene-containing compounds and provide a prospective insight into their potential development as antiviral agents.

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“…Human norovirus (NoV) is a single stranded RNA virus, non-enveloped that belongs to the Norovirus genus from the Caliciviridae family ( Green et al , 2000 ). NoVs are classified in five genogroup (GI to GV), in which GI, GII and GIV most often are detected in human beings ( Morillo and Timenetsky, 2011 ; Fioretti et al , 2014 ); but GII is the most frequently found ( Green et al , 2000 ). NoVs are nowadays the main etiological cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans and the excretion by non-diarrheic individuals was not reported ( Boccia et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation on the presence of adenoviruses in stools from non-diarrheic patients

Vetter¹,

Staggemeier²,

Vecchia³

et al. 2015

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Human adenoviruses (HAdV), members of the Adenoviridae family, are excreted through the fecal route and may be present in the feces of humans consuming contaminated food or water. The presence of HAdV from different serotypes in the feces of healthy individuals was already reported using conventional polymerase chain reaction; however, real-time PCR (qPCR) may reveal not only the rates of detection as well as demonstrate the viral loads excreted by healthy persons. Aiming to identify and characterize the presence of adenoviruses in stool samples, 147 fecal samples from patients with no records of diarrhea were analyzed (74 from winter season and 73 from summer) by Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assay and conventional PCR. HAdV genome was present in 43.8% (32/73) of stools samples collected during summer season and 21.6% (16/74) during winter. The rate of detection of genomic copies (gc) ranged from 4.04×102 to 6.72×105gc/g of feces among the 147 samples analyzed, of which the ranged of genomic copies of DNA HAdV was major in summer. All samples were negative when tested for rotaviruses (RV) and noroviruses (NoV) by PCR conventional and qPCR respectively. HAdV is excreted constantly by infected individuals in the absence of clinical signs and the occurrence may vary seasonally.

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Norovírus: uma visão geral

Cited by 15 publications

References 60 publications

Epidemiology of norovirus infections among diarrhea outpatients in a diarrhea surveillance system in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study

Epidemiology of norovirus infections among diarrhea outpatients in a diarrhea surveillance system in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study

Natural and nature-inspired stilbenoids as antiviral agents

Seasonal variation on the presence of adenoviruses in stools from non-diarrheic patients

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