Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

SummaryPrevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus Objectives. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of legal blindness in young adults. Scarce data from Brazilian subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) are available. Aims: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of DR and its risk factors in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) outpatients from a general hospital. MethOds. A cross-sectional study of 437 type 1 DM (50.3% males, 82.4% whites) was conducted. DR was graded as absent, mild and moderate non-proliferative DR (mild/moderate NPDR) or severe non-proliferative and proliferative DR (advanced DR). Presence of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) was also recorded. Results. Any DR was present in 44.4% of subjects. In multivariate analysis, DM duration, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and A1C test were associated with mild/moderate NPDR (P<0.005). Advanced DR, was associated with DM duration, SBP, smoking [odds ratio (OR) 2.75, 95%CI 1.15-6.60] and micro-or macroalbuminuria (OR 8.53,. CSME was present in 21 (9.4%) patients and was associated with smoking (OR 3.19,. Its frequency increased with the severity of DR (16.4% in advanced DR, 9.6% in mild/moderate NPDR, and 4.7% in the group without DR; P = 0.020). cOnclusiOn. Patients with type 1 DM attending an endocrine out-patient clinic at a general hospital had a high prevalence of DR associated with traditional risk-factors and smoking.

Prevalence of vascular complications and factors predictive of their development in young adults with type 1 diabetes: systematic literature review

“…The review rate was not dissimilar to rates provided for older cohorts of people with type 1 diabetes (within a decade outside the review age criteria). Karadeniz and Yilmaz [48], Esteves et al [49] and Roy [50] reported retinopathy prevalence of 33.2%, 44.4% and 63.9%, respectively; discrepancies perhaps reflected the trend of increasing prevalence of complications with increasing diabetes duration and age.…”

Risk factors of diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study of 13 473 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in mainland China

“…Many epidemiological studies on DR, either cross-sectional studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] or cohort studies, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have been conducted worldwide, exploring the risk factors that were associated with the disease and aiming at the prevention and management of this disease. Older female patients with a longer disease duration were known to be at greater risk for DR and DR progression.…”

“…Furthermore, having Risk factors of diabetic retinopathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study of 13 473 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in mainland China Yan Liu,1 Jiarui Yang, 1 Liyuan Tao, 2 Huibin Lv, 1 Xiaodan Jiang, 1 Open Access renal complications of diabetes, poor glycaemic control, high lipid levels or hypertension have also already been reported to be risk factors of DR, with an impact on DR progression. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] These factors have been evaluated using the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification. 27 Of these reported risk factors, the duration of diabetes, hyperglycaemia and hypertension were considered to be the most important risk factors for progression of vision loss.…”

Multifocal Electroretinograms Predict Onset of Diabetic Retinopathy in Adult Patients with Diabetes

“…They have found an association between severe NPDR and many factors, including duration of diabetes, blood pressure, and smoking. 10 Furthermore, PDR has been linked to neuropathy, decreased visual acuity, elevated triglycerides, type 1 diabetes, and previous levels of retinopathy. 11,12 PDR has also been linked with higher HbA1c percentage levels, 13 and a reduction in HbA1c percentage reduces the need for and risks associated with laser photocoagulation.…”