Cytocompatibility of chitosan and collagen-chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering

Abstract

Abstract:In this work, chitosan and collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds were produced by the freeze drying method and characterized as potential skin substitutes. Their beneficial effects on soft tissues justify the choice of both collagen and chitosan. Samples were characterized using scanning electron microscope, Fourier Transform InfraRed Spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry (TG). The in vitro cytocompatibility of chitosan and collagen-chitosan scaffolds was evaluated with three different assays. Phenol and titanium powder were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the highly interconnected porous structure of the scaffolds. The addition of collagen to chitosan increased both pore diameter and porosity of the scaffolds. Results of FTIR and TG analysis indicate that the two polymers interact yielding a miscible blend with intermediate thermal degradation properties. The reduction of XTT ((2,3-bis[2-methyloxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) and the uptake of Neutral Red (NR) were not affected by the blend or by the chitosan scaffold extracts, but the blend and the titanium powder presented greater incorporation of Crystal Violet (CV) than phenol and chitosan alone. In conclusion, collagen-chitosan scaffolds produced by freeze-drying methods were cytocompatible and presented mixed properties of each component with intermediate thermal degradation properties.

Toxicity Analysis of Crab Shell Chitosan Arginylglycylaspartic Acid Scaffold Membrane and Its Effect on Human Dental Pulp Cell Viability

“…Fernandes et al discovered that chitosan scaffolds were not toxic to rat osteoblasts [8]. Tsai et al determined that the addition of RGD to chitosan scaffolds stimulated osteoblast cells to proliferate [9].…”

Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of novel double layer nanocomposite electrospun fibers for wound dressing applications

“…At the third stage, at 320°C, the weight loss is related to the degradation of polymeric chains of chitosan. 39 The sample shows slightly higher thermal stability that could correspond to the presence of the metal (AgNPs).…”

“…The band at 1,152 cm -1 is attributed to the glycosidic bonding. 39 The spectrum of PVA/chitosan ( Figure 5C) shows the characteristic absorption bands for pure PVA in addition to the absorption bands, which are characteristic of the chitosan sample. The spectrum of PVA/chitosan/AgNPs ( Figure 5D) indicates that the AgNPs were well stabilized in the mixture without deterioration of functional groups.…”

Novel Bioabsorbable Bovine Derived Atelo-Collagen Type I Membrane: Characterization into Host Tissues

“…The non-resorbable membranes include expanded polytetrafluoraethylene membranes (e-PTFE, Gore-Tex®), highdensity polytetrafluoraethylene membranes (d-PTFE), titanium-reinforced high-density polytetrafluoraethylene membranes (Ti-d-PTFE) and titanium mesh membranes (Timesh) [8]. While PTFE membranes were utilized heavily in the early 90s, their usage gradually decreased as a result for the need of a second surgical procedure to remove the membrane thereby exposing them to an increased chance for wound infection and subsequent tissue regeneration [9][10][11]. Therefore, non-resorbable barrier membranes have since been more heavily utilized to avoid the necessity of a second surgery and non-resorbable membranes (typically Ti-mesh or Ti-d-PTFE) are utilized when space maintenance is primordial (such as for large vertical augmentation procedures).…”