Formation and properties of nylon 6 nanocomposites

Fornes, T. D.; Paul, Donald R

doi:10.1590/s0104-14282003000400004

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Taguchi constructed a set of orthogonal arrays to design the experiments. Through an extensive evaluation of the contributing parameters based on previous research (Fornes and Paul, 2003;Dennis et al, 2001), it was decided to study 4 design parameters at 3 levels. The most appropriate orthogonal array design to meet this requirement is a 9-trial experiment (L 9 OA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In polymeric nanocomposites which polymer chains diffuse into the NC layers, the interlayer spacing will increase compared to the net clay and this is re- flected as a displacement of diffraction spectrum to smaller angles. Intercalated structure describes the case where a small amount of polymer moves into the gallery spacing between the clay platelets and causes less than 20 to 30 Å separation between the clay platelets (Fornes et al, 2003). The amount of exfoliated layers in nanocomposite that is inversely related to the XRD peak intensity is significantly dependent on processing conditions, NC content and the nature of clay modification (Alexandre and Dubois, 2000).…”

Section: Nanocomposite Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Effects of Formulation and Processing Parameters on Properties of PA 6 Nanocomposites using Taguchi Method of Experimental Design

Moghri

Garmabi

2008

International Polymer Processing

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In this work, the effect of processing conditions and nanoclay (NC) content on formation and various properties of polyamide 6 (PA 6) nanocomposites was studied by means of Taguchi method of experimental design. PA 6/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing of PA 6 at different organoclay loadings using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. In order to investigate the effects of both processing conditions and organoclay content on silicate dispersion (exfoliation) and thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites, different extrusion rates, processing temperatures and feeding rates at various NC loadings were used. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the formation of nanostructure and clay dispersion. The thermal properties of PA 6 nanocomposites were studied through TMA tests. XRD results revealed the formation of nanocomposite and evidenced that the samples exhibit mixed intercalated / exfoliated morphology and verified that, the extent of exfoliation increases with both clay content and extrusion rate used. The mechanical properties of PA 6 nanocomposites were studied using tensile tests. The strength and modulus of PA 6 nanocomposites were improved significantly by increasing the clay concentration and shear rate level.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanocomposite Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effects of Formulation and Processing Parameters on Properties of PA 6 Nanocomposites using Taguchi Method of Experimental Design

Moghri

Garmabi

2008

International Polymer Processing

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“…Thus far, we have shown that exfoliation depends on processing conditions [1,2], melt rheology [3,4], and the structure of the alkyl ammonium compound used to modify the clay [5]. More recent investigations indicate that polyamide structure, e.g., repeat unit structure and perhaps end group concentration and configuration, plays some role in the formation of wellexfoliated nanocomposites [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium montmorillonite source on nylon 6/clay nanocomposites

Fornes

Hunter²,

Paul

2004

Polymer

106

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“…Modelling the Young's modulus. The Halpin-Tsai equation [36] is widely used to predict the modulus of composites [37,38]:…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stiffening mechanisms in vermiculite–amorphous polyamide bio-nanocomposites

Macheca

Focke

Muiambo

et al. 2016

European Polymer Journal

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Sub-micron thick flakes were obtained by sonication of vermiculite that was first exfoliated by either thermal shock or chemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Dimer fatty acid polyamide nanocomposites with a mixed morphology were prepared via a solution-dispersion technique. The large (in the micrometre range) vermiculite flakes assumed random orientations in the matrix. BET surface area measurements indicated flake thickness below 100 nm but SEM showed that thicker flakes were also present. Filler content was varied up to 30 wt.%. At this loading, the tensile strength doubled, the modulus increased five-fold but the elongation-at-break decreased by a factor of ten.Dynamic mechanical analysis suggests that three stiffening mechanisms were operating. The reinforcing effect of the high stiffness inorganic flakes is the primary contributor. Together with the chain confinement effect, that expresses itself in an apparent increase in the glass transition temperature, this provided an adequate rationalisation of the stiffness variation below Tg. However, an additional stiffening effect is indicated at temperatures above Tg. The mechanism may involve dynamic network formation based on fluctuating hydrogen bonding interactions between the matrix polymer chains and the filler particles.

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Formation and properties of nylon 6 nanocomposites

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Investigation of the Effects of Formulation and Processing Parameters on Properties of PA 6 Nanocomposites using Taguchi Method of Experimental Design

Investigation of the Effects of Formulation and Processing Parameters on Properties of PA 6 Nanocomposites using Taguchi Method of Experimental Design

Effect of sodium montmorillonite source on nylon 6/clay nanocomposites

Stiffening mechanisms in vermiculite–amorphous polyamide bio-nanocomposites

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