Un bosquejo del feminismo/s peruano/s: los múltiples desafíos

Abstract

El artículo muestra las apuestas del feminismo en el Perú desde sus inicios, a partir de la lucha por el sufragio femenino, y más adelante, en la posguerra, la puesta en escena del cuerpo femenino como núcleo de una nueva forma de pensar lo político. Se muestra que es un movimiento de mujeres de sectores medios que se gesta bajo iniciativa gubernamental y con poca presencia de las corrientes de pensamiento teórico feminista europeas. Por el contrario, fue un movimiento vinculado a ideologías de izquierda aunque, paradójicamente, sus propuestas no fueron acogidas por los partidos de izquierda. En el actual contexto de cambios que se operan en el Perú, a partir de la democratización del país y con una baja institucionalidad del Estado, los feminismos - sin una aparente organicidad - se enfrentan con varios desafíos, siendo el de la capacidad de responder a la heterogeneidad de los actores emergentes el más relevante.

From pure academics to transformative scholars? The crisis of the “ideal academic” in a Peruvian university

“…The third aspect that interests us is the growing role of feminism in the dynamics and identities of academia (Barry et al., 2012), particularly in traditional societies, where feminism becomes a disruptive element in many spheres (Barrientos & Muñoz, 2014). As the literature on social movements points out, women can spur changes in the way work is organized within organizations (Davis et al., 2005).…”

“…Despite this achievement, gender inequality is still evident in most universities: Data from 2016 showed that most researchers, 70 percent, were men (SUNEDU, 2020). These inequalities are aggravated because hegemonic masculinity still privileges the figure of the “male provider,” and discrimination and domination over women remain very common in spaces across Peru (Barrientos & Muñoz, 2014; Fuller, 2018). In this context, important mobilizations have taken place demanding justice and equality for women over the last decade.…”

Articulating Body, Territory, and the Defence of Life: The Politics of Strategic Equivalencing between Women in Anti‐Mining Movements and the Feminist Movement in Peru

“…Though not free from internal tensions, the Peruvian feminist movement focuses on the struggle for reproductive rights, political participation and visibility in the public sphere (Barrientos and Muñoz, 2014). It is strongest in urban centres like Lima and Arequipa and amongst members of the mestiza middle class (Vargas, 2004: 10).…”

“…These efforts can be situated, on the one hand, in relation to the increasing prominence of debates concerning the white, academic, middle class, eurocentric and urban character of the Peruvian, but also Latin American feminist movements (Curiel, Falquet and Masson, 2005; Vargas, 2008: 154–158). On the other hand, the political climate in Peru – and Latin America more generally – has increased the necessity to build cross‐cutting alliances to fight against the increasing levels of violence and femicide, continuing impoverishment, and the explosion of eco‐territorial conflicts (Hoetmer, 2012; Barrientos and Muñoz, 2014: 644).…”